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- 2026-01-27 发布于浙江
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Chapter15(27)
FiscalPolicy
ChapterSummary
InChapter14,youlearnedhowtheFederalReserveusesmonetarypolicytopursuemacroeconomic
policygoals.Inthischapter,youwilllearnhowthegovernmentusesfiscalpolicytoachievesimilar
goals.Fiscalpolicyinvolveschangesinfederaltaxesandpurchasesthatareintendedtoachieve
macroeconomicpolicyobjectives.Automaticstabilizersaregovernmentspendingandtaxesthat
automaticallyincreaseordecreasealongwiththebusinesscycle.
Tofightrecessions,Congressandthepresidentcanincreasegovernmentpurchasesorcuttaxes.This
expansionarypolicycausestheaggregatedemandcurvetoshifttotherightmorethanitotherwise
would,raisingthelevelofrealGDPandthepricelevel.Tofightrisinginflation,Congressandthe
presidentcandecreasegovernmentpurchasesorraisetaxes.Thiscontractionarypolicycausesthe
aggregatedemandcurvetoshifttotherightlessthanitotherwisewould,reducingtheincreaseinreal
GDPandthepricelevel.
Becauseofthemultipliereffect,anincreaseingovernmentpurchasesoracutintaxeswillhavea
multipliedeffectonequilibriumrealGDP.Thegovernmentpurchasesmultiplierisequaltothechangein
equilibriumrealGDPdividedbythechangeingovernmentpurchases.Thetaxmultiplierisequaltothe
changeinequilibriumrealGDPdividedbythechangeintaxes.Increasesingovernmentpurchasesand
cutsintaxeshaveapositivemultipliereffectonequilibriumrealGDP.Decreasesingovernment
purchasesandincreasesintaxeshaveanegativemultipliereffectonequilibriumrealGDP.Poorlytimed
fiscalpolicycandomoreharmtha
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