工程实验设计第二部分：基本统计概念与简单比较实验.pptxVIP

DOX6EMontgomery1DesignofEngineeringExperiments

Part2–BasicStatisticalConceptsSimplecomparativeexperimentsThehypothesistestingframeworkThetwo-samplet-testCheckingassumptions,validityComparingmorethattwofactorlevels…theanalysisofvarianceANOVApositionoftotalvariabilityStatisticaltestinganalysisCheckingassumptions,modelvalidityPost-ANOVAtestingofmeansSamplesizedetermination

DOX6EMontgomery2PortlandCementFormulation(page23)

DOX6EMontgomery3GraphicalViewoftheData

DotDiagram,Fig.2-1,pp.24

DOX6EMontgomery4BoxPlots,Fig.2-3,pp.26

DOX6EMontgomery5TheHypothesisTestingFrameworkStatisticalhypothesistestingisausefulframeworkformanyexperimentalsituationsOriginsofthemethodologydatefromtheearly1900sWewilluseaprocedureknownasthetwo-samplet-test

DOX6EMontgomery6TheHypothesisTestingFrameworkSamplingfromanormaldistributionStatisticalhypotheses:

DOX6EMontgomery7EstimationofParameters

DOX6EMontgomery8SummaryStatistics(pg.36)Formulation1“Newrecipe”Formulation2“Originalrecipe”

DOX6EMontgomery9HowtheTwo-Samplet-TestWorks:

DOX6EMontgomery10HowtheTwo-Samplet-TestWorks:

DOX6EMontgomery11HowtheTwo-Samplet-TestWorks:Valuesoft0thatarenearzeroareconsistentwiththenullhypothesisValuesoft0thatareverydifferentfromzeroareconsistentwiththealternativehypothesist0isa“distance”measure-howfaraparttheaveragesareexpressedinstandarddeviationunitsNoticetheinterpretationoft0asasignal-to-noiseratio

DOX6EMontgomery12TheTwo-Sample(Pooled)t-Test

DOX6EMontgomery13TheTwo-Sample(Pooled)t-TestSofar,wehaven’treallydoneany“statistics”Weneedanobjectivebasisfordecidinghowlargetheteststatistict0reallyisIn1908,W.S.Gossetderivedthereferencedistributionfort0…calledthetdistributionTablesofthetdistribution-text,page606t0=-2.20

DOX6EMontgomery14TheTwo-Sample(Pooled)t-TestAvalueoft0