2022年自考专业(英语)英语科技文选考试真题及答案36.pdfVIP

2022年自考专业(英语)英语科技文选考试真

题及答案

一、阅读理解题Directions:Readthroughthefollowing

passages.Choosethebestanswerandputtheletterinthe

bracket.(20%)

1、(A)MITscientistshavecooledasodiumgastothelowest

temperatureeverrecorded—onlyhalf-a-billionthofadegree

aboveabsolutezero.“Togobelowonenanokelvinisalittle

likerunningamileunderfourminutesforthefirsttime,”

saidNobellaureateWolfgangKetterle,co-leaderoftheteam.

“Ultra-lowtemperaturegasescouldleadtovastimprovements

inprecisionmeasurementsbyallowingbetteratomicclocksand

sensorsforgravityandrotation,”saidDavidE.Pritchard,

apioneerinatomopticsandatominterferometryandco-leader

oftheMITgroup.Theresearchersalsoexpectnewphenomenato

occuratsuchlowtemperaturesinvolving,forexample,howcold

atomsinteractwithsurfacesandhowatomsmovewhentheyare

confinedtoanarrowchannelorlayer.Thesegasesforma

remarkablestateofmattercalledaquantumfluid,sostudying

theirpropertiesalsoprovidesnewinsightsintothebasic

1

physicsofmatter.Atabsolutezero(-273degreesCor-460

degreesF),allatomicmotioncomestoastandstillsincethe

coolingprocesshasextractedalltheparticles’energy.By

improvingcoolingmethods,scientistshavesucceededin

gettingcloserandclosertoabsolutezero.Atroomtemperature,

atomsmoveatthespeedofajetairplane.Atthenewrecord-low

temperature,atomsareamilliontimesslower—ittakesthem

halfaminutetomoveoneinch.In1995,agroupatthe

UniversityofColoradoatBoulderandanMITgroupledby

Ketterlecooledatomic