01管理学精要基本要点英文稿件.pptVIP

TheGoalsofAllManagersandOrganizations

Theaimofallmanagersshouldbetocreateasurplus.Thus,managersmustestablishanenvironmentinwhichpeoplecanaccomplishgroupgoalswiththeleastamountoftime,money,materials,andpersonaldissatisfaction.CharacteristicsofExcellentCompanies(PetersWaterman)OrientedtowardactionLearnedabouttheneedsoftheircustomersPromotedmanagerialautonomyandentrepreneurshipAchievedproductivitybypayingcloseattentiontotheneedsoftheirpeopleDrivenbyacompanyphilosophyoftenbasedonthevaluesoftheirleadersFocusedonthebusinesstheyknewbestHadasimpleorganizationstructurewithaleanstaffWerecentralizedaswellasdecentralized,dependingonappropriatenessTheMostAdmiredCompaniesinAmerica

listedinFortune’sMarch6,2006issuewere1.GeneralElectric2.FedEx3.SouthwestAirlines4.ProctorGamble5.Starbucks6.JohnsonJohnson7.BerkshireHathaway8.Dell9.ToyotaMotor10.Microsoft.AdaptingtoChangesin

the21stCenturyTobesuccessfulinthe21stCentury,companiesmusttakeadvantageofthenewinformationtechnology—especiallytheInternet—andglobalization.M-commerceismobileorwirelesscommerce.

/news/22647/microsoft-post-pc-eraEntrepreneurshipEntrepreneurshipisacreativeprocessthatiscenteredinthenotionofidentifyingmarketopportunitiesandunmetneeds.ItisbuildingsolutionsthatmeettheseneedsandbringvaluetocustomersProductivityTheoutput-inputratiowithinatimeperiodwithdueconsiderationforquality.DefinitionsofEffectiveness

andEfficiencyProductivityimplieseffectivenessandefficiencyinindividualandorganizationalperformance.Effectivenessistheachievementofobjectives.Efficiencyistheachievementoftheendswiththeleastamountofresources(time,money,etc.).Managing:ScienceorArt?Managingaspracticeisanart;theorganizedknowledgeunderlyingthepracticemaybereferredto