管理数学.ppt

管理數學Chapter 2:System of Linear Equations XX. XX, XXX by XXXX Agenda Linear Systems as Mathematical Models Linear Systems Having One or No Solutions Linear Systems Having Many Solutions Linear -- Line a1 x + a2 y = b or a1 x1 + a2 x2 +....+ an xn = b Which one is linear? 2x + 3y = 4 x2 + y2 = 1 x1 - x2 + x3 - x4 = 6 z = 5 - 3x + y/2 sin x + ey = 1 xy = 2 7x1 + 3x2 + 9/x3 + 2x4 = 1 x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 +....+ nxn = 1 Example 1 A firm produces bargain and deluxe TV sets by buying the components, assembling them, and testing the sets before shipping. Resources The bargain set requires 3 hours to assemble and 1 hour to test. The deluxe set requires 4 hours to assemble and 2 hours to test. The firm has 390 hours for assembly and 170 hours for testing each week. Question Use a system of linear equations to model the number of each type of TV set that the company can produce each week while using all of its available labor. Problem Formulation Define decision variables (unit of scale) Define the linear relation between variables (write the linear equations) Example 2 A dietitian is to combine a total of 5 servings of cream of mushroom soup, tuna, and green beans, among other ingredients, in making a casserole. Ingredient Nutritions Each serving of soup has 15 calories and 1 gram of protein, each serving of tuna has 160 calories and 12 gram of protein, and each serving of green beans has 20 calories and 1 gram of protein. Question If these three foods are to furnish 380 calories and 27 grams of protein in casserole, how many servings of each should be used? Example 3 A retailer has warehouses in Lima and Canton, from which two stores—one in Tiffin and one in Danville—place orders for bicycles. Tiffin orders 38 and Danville orders 46. Limitations and Question Each warehouse has enough to supply all orders but twice as many are to be shipped from Lima to Danville as from Canton to Tiffin. Write the linear equations. Agenda Linear Systems as Mathematical Models Linear Systems Ha