Meta分析简介-俄勒冈大学.ppt

Introduction to Meta-Analysis Joseph Stevens, Ph.D., University of Oregon (541) 346-2445, stevensj@uoregon.edu ? Stevens 2006 What is Meta-Analysis (MA)? Term coined by Gene Glass in his 1976 AERA Presidential address An alternative to the traditional literature review Allows the reviewer to quantitatively combine and analyze the results from multiple studies What is Meta-Analysis (MA)? Traditional literature review is based on the reviewer’s analysis and synthesis of study themes or conclusions MA collects the essential empirical results from multiple studies and draw conclusions about the “overall” effect across studies no matter what the original study conclusions were Thus a MA becomes a research study on research studies, hence the term meta.? Growth and Development of MA MA has developed substantially both in methods and in applications (Larry Hedges, Ingram Olkin, John Hunter, and Frank Schmidt) Literature review should be as systematic as primary research and study characteristics and design should provide a context for interpreting study results and conclusions (Glass) MA now widely used in many disciplines (e.g., education, social sciences, medicine) Conducting a Meta-Analysis Researcher first collects studies on a particular topic Information about studies is then collated and coded Results of each study are translated into a common metric, the study effect size Analysis is then conducted to summarize effect size across studies or analyze relationships between covariates and effect size Effects of MA An important consequence of the development of MA is the way it has changed our thinking about research Increased focus on a number of important issues in science including publication biases How to understand and summarize statistical results Importance of effect size and statistical power Effect Size in MA Effect size makes meta-analysis possible it is the “dependent variable” it standardizes findings across studies such that they can be directly co