中山大学语言学-Chapter 7 amp; 8 syntax5.ppt

X-bar Theory (1) The big book of poems with the blue cover is on the table. (2) I bought the big [book of poems with the blue cover] not the small [one]. (3) I bought the big [book of poems] with the blue cover not the small [one] with the red cover. (4) The king of England Zellig Harris(1951) proposed: NP ( D) + N` N` (AP) N` or N`(PP) N` N (PP) (5)a student of physics with long hair. (6)a woman with an umbrella with a red handle V-bar (7) I eat beans with a fork. (8) I eat beans with a fork but Janet do so with a spoon. (9) VP V` V` V`(PP) V` V(NP) A-bar (10) the very bright blue and dull green gown. Bob is very serious about Mary,but less so than Paul. (11) AP A` A` (AP)A` A` A(PP) P-Bar (12) John knocked it right off the table and into the trash. Maurice was in love and at odds with his boss . Sausanna was utterly in love,but louis was only partly so. PP P` P` P`(PP) P` P( NP) XP (YP) X` X` (ZP) X` or X`(ZP) X` X (WP) Endocentricity(向心) Every phrase has a head. The property of the XP is decided by X0. Complement(Comp) and Adjunct (14) The book of poems with a red cover. (15) * the book with a red cover of poems. (16) the book of linguistics with a green cover from Commercial Press by Zhu Dexi. (17) a. the book [of linguistics][ with a green cover ][from CommercialPress ] [ by Zhu Dexi]. b. the book [of linguistics] [from Commercial Press] [ with a green cover ][by Zhu Dexi]. c. the book [of linguistics] [by Zhu Dexi][from Commercial Press] [with a green cover ]. d. the book [of linguistics] [from Commercial Press] [by Zhu Dexi] [with a green cover ]. e. * the book [from Commercial Press] [of linguistics] [by Zhu Dexi] [with a green cover ]. f.*the book [ with a green cover ][from Commercial Press ] [of linguistics][ by Zhu