2011年通用考博英语阅读理解讲义（全）.doc

2011年通用考博英语阅读理解讲义 复习计划 词汇 快速多次背单词 六级词汇量：6000（2000个高中词汇；四级词汇2200个；1800 个六级单词） 注意：北大的文章侧重于英美报刊原文，用词非常活，词汇量在 10000左右。 2个小时：80-100个 背单词的时候要克服不良习惯 考博中用不到单词拼写 写作议论文中的四种类型： （1）大事 （2）和个人成长有关的小事 （3）要支持的好事 （4）要抨击的坏事 背单词重点背动词和形容词 精读历年真题 精读 （1）把文章中的每个单词都要认识 （2）把文章中的每句话都分析 长句的分析：结构；修饰成分； 分析文章结构 分析题目 分析选项 所选文章的类型： 1、六级和考研考过的文章 2、专四、专八和托福中的文章 六级和考研测试的方向：close reading 1、通过真题学会基本的语言 2、获得所考院校考试的基本方式、模式及解题思路 定量，定范围做泛读 泛读训练的目标： 1、练速度 2、练猜测和跳跃 3、文章背景，学科背景 定范围原则： 和要考的目标学校的难度、风格、选材类似的文章 1、《英美报刊选读》《英美时文选读》 2、对自己院校模式不确定的按照清华模式，四、六级模式，中级模式去训练 （1）《英语文摘》 （2）《英语世界》 （3）《英语学习》 （4）《英语沙龙》 3、泛读一些六级历年考过的文章 作模拟题，复习语法 作模拟题 和所考试题类型相似的模拟题 1、定语从句 先行词，关系代词 限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句 模式： n.+that/which...从句 同谓语从句也是n.+that从句 2、分词状语 （1）现在分词：表示主动 （2）过去分词：表示被动 3、独立主格结构 补充，插入 I came in，(with) a book in my hand.Passage 15 　　Real policemen, both Britain and the United States hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV—if they ever get home in time. There are similarities, of course, but the cops don't think much of them. 　　The first difference is that a policeman's real life revolves round the law. Most of his training is in criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a professional lawyer, and what is more, he has to apply it on his feet, in the dark and rain, running down an alley after someone he has to talk to. 　　Little of his time is spent in chatting to scantily clad ladies or in dramatic confrontations with desperate criminal. He will spend most of his working life typing millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, unimportant people who are guilty—or not—of stupid, petty crimes. 　　Most television crime drama is about finding the criminal; as soon as he's arrested, the story is over. In real life, finding criminals is seldom much of a problem. Except in very serious cases like murders and terrorist a