[分子数量遗传学课件]leture10 Mapping QTL in outbred population.pptVIP

Mapping QTL in outbred population Suggest reading Hoeschele, I., P. Ulimari, F. E. Grignola, Q. Zhang and K. M. Gage (1997). Advances in statistical methods to map quantitative trait loci in outbreed populations. Genetics 147, 1445–1457. Weller J.I., Kashi Y., Soller M. Power of daughter and grand-daughter designs for determining linkage between marker loci and quantitative trait loci in dairy cattle. J. Dairy. Sci.,1990, 73:2525-2537 Why outbred population For many species, especially humans, inbred lines is out of the question. Experimental constraints Too expensive to particularly build inbred lines QTLs detected by inbred-line crossed usually represent fixed differences between lines, or different species The relevance of these results to QTLs segregating within populations remains unclear Relationship between inbred-line crosses and outbred populations Inbred-line crosses detect QTLs responsible for between-population differences while outbred populations for within population variation. They are complementary, rather than competing approaches Power: inbred-line vs. outbred pop. Inbred-line crosses are more powerful than outbred populations for QTL detection With inbred lines, all F1 parents have identical genotypes and same linkage phase All individuals are informative Linkage disequilibrium is maximized Power: inbred-line vs. outbred pop. QTL effects are expressed as means with inbred lines, but as genetic variances with outbred populations Variances are estimated with much less precision than means Estimates from outbred populations are expected to be less precise QTL mapping in outbred populations is more difficult inbred-line vs. outbred pop. With inbred lines, the information of parents is not necessary to be taken into account Crosses between outbred lines can sometimes generate the required amounts of disequilibrium, collections of relatives are generally relied upon. Half-sib family Full-sib family General pedigree Measures of informativeness Meas