农村土地流转论文：我国农村土地流转问题及对策研究_精品.docVIP

农村土地流转论文：我国农村土地流转问题及对策研究 【中文摘要】1978年我国从农村拉开了改革开放的序幕,通过对农村土地制度改革,实行了家庭联产承包责任制。农村土地承包责任制在坚持土地集体所有的前提下,赋予农民承包经营权,解放和发展了农村生产力,提高了农民的收入,促进了农村经济的发展,对保证我国粮食供给发挥了重大作用。但随着农业现代化进程的不断推进,家庭联产承包责任制作为一种制度安排也逐渐显现出其内在的缺陷。如土地大多数呈条块分布,土地规模过小的状况使得农业科技无法推广,更谈不上规模效益,先进的农用机械设备和灌溉技术都无法大面积投入使用,严重阻碍了农业技术的推广和应用。面对这一土地分布现状,大力发展农村土地使用权的流转,打破土地现有的户均制分布格局,使土地经营和技术利用实现规模化,是现代农业发展的重要表现和必然要求。农业生产的规模经营、先进的农业技术的应用以及机械化农机设备的推广能在很大程度上提高农产品的产量和质量,增强市场的占有率和竞争力,能大幅度的提高农户的收入。因此,一部分思想超前并且有资金、有能力的农户,希望扩大农地的经营规模,以便可以利用先进的农业技术提高土地的产出效率,获得的潜在利润。这就需要通过土地使用权的流转来完成,这种要求会随着农业的市场化、现代化进程的加快而日益强烈,同时也将成为推动农地制度变迁的巨大动力。如何通过不断完善现有的农地制度,健康有序的推进农村土地流转,实现农地规模经营,日益成为学界关注的重点和热点问题。全文共分为四个部分:第一部分是绪论。主要包括及意义,国内外文献综述,相关概念的界定,研究思路、方法和主要内容等。第二部分论述我国农村土地流转的基本理论依据和现实意义。阐述马克思的土地产权理论和西方的制度变迁理论。说明我国农村土地流转的必要性。第三部分通过对我国农村土地流转的现状及特点的总结,重点分析我国农村土地流转存在的主要问题及成因。第四部分提出了我国农村土地流转的对策建议。加快农地流转的市场化建设,建立健全农村土地流转的法律法规,完善我国的农地产权制度,健全农村的社会保障体系,提高农民的受教育水平等。 【英文摘要】In1978, the reform and opening up of china from the rural, through the rural land system reform, the implementation of the household contract responsibility system. Rural land contracting system adhering to the premise of collective land ownership, give the right of contract management to farmers, liberate and develop rural productivity and raise the income of farmers, promoting rural economic development, played a major role in food supplying problems in China. But with the continuous progress of agricultural modernization, as a system arrangement, the household contract responsibility system gradually reveals some of its inherent defects. Most farmers were tested as compartmentalization in the form of land distribution, this land makes the situation of small scale agricultural science and technology can not promote, let alone scale, more decentralized in the land of some of the advanced agricultural machinery and equipment and irrigation technologies can not be put into use a large area, so the promotion and application of agricultural technology has been seriously hampered. Faced with the cu