材料科学概论.pptVIP

Introduction to Materials Science and Engineering Guan Rui-fang This book is divided into four major sections The fundamentals The structural materials The electronic and magnetic materials Materials in engineering design Nature of materials’ properties Chapter I Materials for Engineering 1.1 Types of materials 1.2 From structure to properties 1.3 Selection of materials 1.4 Materials science and engineering Key word Alloy [5AlCi] Atomic-scale-architecture Brittle [5britl] Ceramic [si5rAmik] Composite [5kCmpEzit, -zait] Concrete [5kCnkri:t] Conductor Crystalline [5kristElain] adj. Devitrified [di:5vitrifai] Ductility [dQk5tiliti] Electronic and magnetic material Element [5elimEnt] Fiberglass [5faIbE^lB:s] Glass Glass-ceramic Insulator Materials science and engineering Materials selection Metallic Microcircuitry [5maIkrEJs\:kIt] Microscopic-scale architecture Noncrystalline Nonmetallic [5nCnmi5tAlik] Key word Oxide Periodic[piEri5Cdik] table Plastic Polyethylene [7pCli5eWili:n] Polymer Property Refractory Semiconductor Silica硅石，SiO2 Silicate]硅酸盐 Silicon硅元素 Steel Structural material wood 1.1 Types of materials a . Metals metallic bond b . Ceramics (glass) ionic [aI5RnIk] and covalent [kEu5veilEnt] bond c . Polymers covalent and Van der waals bond d . Composites e . semiconductors Characteristics(metallic 金属的，金属性的) It is strong and can be readily formed into practical shapes . Ductile [5dQktail] —permanent deformability metallic luster electric conductor Metals have no brittleness and are safe for many applications. The ceramics is derived from Greek word “keramic” which means an art of potter . Include : glass ; enamels [i5nAmEl] ; refractories ; cements ; limes ; plasters(plaster of Paris) ; cermets[5sE:met]金属陶瓷, 含陶合金; electronic ceramics ; high and low tension electrical insulators ; structural clay products ; nuclear ceramics ; whitewares ; abrasives [E5breisiv] . The Different Colors of Corundum [kE5rQndEm]   Ques