美国数学建模竞赛特等奖论文——2003 A O Safe Landings【数学建模】.pdfVIP

Safe Landings 219 Safe Landings Chad T. Kishimoto Justin C. Kao Jeffrey A. Edlund California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125 Advisor: Darryl H. Yong Abstract We examine the physical principles of stunt crash pads made of corrugated cardboard boxes and build a mathematical model to describe them. The model leads to a computer simulation of a stunt person impacting a box catcher. Together, the simulation and model allow us to predict the behavior of box catchers from physical parameters and hence design them for maximum safety and minimum cost. We present two case studies of box-catcher design, a motorcyclist landing after jumping over an elephant and David Blaine’s televised Vertigo stunt. These demonstrate the ability of our model to handle both high-speed impacts and large weights. For each case, we calculate two possible box-catcher designs, showing the effects of varying design parameters. Air resistance is the dominant force with high impact speeds, while box buckling provides greater resistance at low speeds. We also discuss other box-catcher variations. Basic Concept Requirements A falling stunt person has a large amount of kinetic energy, U = 1 m u2 . s 2 s s To land safely, most of it must be absorbed by a catcher before the performer hits the ground. Therefore, following Newton’s Second Law, the catcher must exert a force to decelerate the performer, dus F = m . dt c The UMAP Journal 24 (3) (2003) 219–232. Copyright 2003 by COMAP, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission to make digital or ha