【编译原理】Semanticanalysis.pptVIP

Semantic analysis Parsing only verifies that the program consists of tokens arranged in a syntactically-valid combination, we now move on to semantic analysis, where we delve deeper to check whether they form a sensible set of instructions in the programming language. For a program to be semantically correct, all variables, functions, classes, etc. are properly defined, expressions and variables are used in ways that respect the type system, access control isn’t violated, and so on. Semantic analysis is the next-to-last phase of the front end and the compiler’s last chance to weed out incorrect programs. We need to ensure the program is well-formed enough to continue on to the next phase where we generate code. semantic analysis and symbol table A large part of semantic analysis consists of tracking variable/function/type declarations .As we enter each new identifier in our symbol table, we need to record the type information of the declaration. Then, as we continue parsing the rest of the program, we make sure that the type of each identifier and expression is respected in terms of the operations being performed Examples of the things we check in thesemantic analysis phase. . The type of the right-side expression of an assignment statement should match the type of the left-side, and the left-side needs to be a properly declared and assignable identifier (i.e. not some sort of constant). The parameters of a function should match the arguments of a function call in both number and type. The language may require that identifiers are unique, disallowing a global variable and function of the same name. The operands to multiplication operation will need to be of numeric type, perhaps even the exact same type depending on the strictness of the language. As we encounter identifiers in a program, we need to determine if the identifier is accessible at thatpoint in the program. This is called scope checking One additional issue in semantic analysis is dealing wit