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英 国 文 学 部 分
Ⅲ、 文艺复兴时期
1． 时间界定： It refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. 2． 文艺复兴的理论基础：人文主义兴起。
A． 核心：Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors.
B． 基础：It was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.
3． 文艺复兴的文化背景：
A． 场所：English schools and universities were established in place of the old monasteries.
B． 印刷术的引进：William Caxton introduced printing into England .
C． 翻译的时代的出现。With the introduction of printing, an age of translation came into being.
4． 文学形式：
A.诗歌：
A). 早期特点：The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimilation.
B). 代表作家及作品:
a. Spensers The Shepheardes Calender showed the pastoral convention
b. In The Passionate Shepherd to His Love, Marlowe spoke that it would be very difficult for us to connect it with the voice in his tragedies.
c. Poetry and poetic drama were the most outstanding literary forms and carried on by Shakespeare and Ben Johnson.
B.戏剧：
A). 特点: The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance
B). 作家: The most famous dramatists are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and Ben Johnson.
本章主要作家及作品
斯宾塞及其代表作
Edmund Spenser and The Faerie Queene.
A.创作意图: The principal intention is to present through a historical poem the example of a perfect gentleman
B.整体线索:The recurring appearances of Arthur serve as a unifying element for the poem as a whole. C.寓意:The Redcrosse Knight in Book I stands for St. George, he also represents Holiness.
D.主题:The theme is not Arms and the man, but something more romantic-Fierce wares and faithfull loves.
E.作者文学地位:His exquisite melody that make him known as the poets poet.
马洛及其代表作 Christopher Marlowe
A.作者创作分类:
a. The plays: (6 plays)Among them the most important are:
Tamburlaine, Parts III , Dr. Faustus, The Jew of Malta and Edward II.
b. The non-dramatic poetry:
Hero and Leander, the Passionate Shepherd to His Love
c. The verse transla
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