毕业论文—早晚熟龙眼开花结果特性研究毕业论文.doc

毕业设计（论文） 早晚熟龙眼开花结果特性研究 学院（系） 农 学 院 专 业 园艺 班 级 042班 学 号 0431100329 学生姓名 韦代石 指导教师 潘介春 李峰  摘要 本课题以早熟1号、早熟2号、晚熟1号、石硖（为对照）龙眼为材料，研究早熟龙眼和晚熟龙眼开花结果特性。研究结果表明，早熟1号、早熟2号、晚熟1号、石硖龙眼的始花期分别为4月3日、4月6日、4月18日，4月12日，雌雄花交替开放的顺序都是雄—雌—雄，植株群体雌雄花开放相遇时间比单穗和单株长；早熟1号龙眼雌花在开花后19~24d为落花高峰期，雄花在开花后12~20d、22~26d分别出现两个落花高峰；早熟2号龙眼雌花在开花后18~24d为落花高峰期，雄花在开花后10~18d、18~24d分别出现两个落花高峰；石硖龙眼雌花在开花后17~22d为落花高峰期，雄花在开花后11~15、15~19d和19~23d分别出现3个落花高峰；晚熟1号龙眼雌花在开花后16~22d为落花高峰期，雄花在开花后10~18d、18~22d分别出现两个落花高峰。早熟1号、早熟2号、晚熟1号、石硖龙眼果实的个体发育可分为两个阶段,第1期是果皮和种皮生长期,约50天左右;第2期是假种皮,子叶生长及果实成熟期,约60天左右。从落果以及果实发育规律方面调查分析，调查结果表明早熟1号、早熟2号、晚熟1号、石硖龙眼果实在开花后1个月和2个月后左右都会出现两个落果高峰。早熟1号、早熟2号龙眼的果实成熟期分别为：7月20日、7月25，比石峡早15~20天。晚熟1号龙眼果实成熟期为：9月1日，比石硖晚25天。早熟1号、早熟2号、晚熟1号龙眼可溶性固形物含量分别为：20.3％、19.5％、19.1％，平均单果重分别为：11.06g、10.93g、11.82g。 关键词：早熟 晚熟 落花 落果 果实发育 Study of flowering and fruiting characteristics of the early-maturing and late-maturing longan ABSTRACT Early-maturing 1,early-maturing 2,late-maturing 1 and Shixia(as ck) longan were used as materials to study their flowering and fruiting characteristics.The results of the study showed that the onset of the blooming of the early-maturing 1, early- maturing 2,late- maturing 1 and Shixia(as ck) longan were April 3rd、April 6th、April 18th and April 12th，respectively. The flowering order for the 4 varieties was from male flower to female flower to male flower. The flower period of male flower synchronous with female flower in the population was longer than that of single panicle or a single plant.The peak time of flower dropping of early-maturing 1 longan female was19~24days after blomming, and another two peaks of male flower dropping were 12~20 days and 22~26 days after blooming. The peak time of female flower dropping of early -maturing 2 longan was 18~24 days after flowering,and another two peaks of male flower dropping was 10~18 days and 18~24 days after flowering. The peak time of female flower dropping of Shixia longan was