大学英语B虚拟语气.docVIP

虚拟语气 Flowers blossom in spring.（春暖花开。） The yellow leaves are falling in the autumn wind.（秋风中黄叶纷飞。） The moon is peeping through the window at the sleepless girl. 明月皎洁透窗入，照见长夜不眠人。 2）祈使语气，用来表示提出请求，命令，号召、劝告、警告、禁止等。 Let us help you. Do drop in to see us. Keep off the glass. 3）虚拟语气，虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。1. If 条件句中的虚拟语气： a. 同现在事实相反的假设If they were here, they would help you. If I were you, I would go abroad. If I had the book at hand, I would read the article to you. b.同过去事实相反的假设If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.　　If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. c.表示对将来的假想If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. If they should act like that again, we should criticize them. 注意：在虚拟语气的从句中，动词‘be’的过去时态一律用“were”，不用 was， 即在从句中 be 用 were 代替。If I were you, I would go to look for him.　如果我是你，就会去找他。If he were here, everything would be all right.　如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。2. 虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were, should, 或 had, 可将 if 省略，再把 were, should 或 had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。Were they here now, they could help us. If they were here now, they could help us.　　Had you come earlier, you would have met him If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Should it rain, the crops would be saved. Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. If it were to rain, the crops would be saved. 例题：_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I　　　B. I were　　　C. Were I　　　D. Was I答案：C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有 were, should, had 这三个词，通常将 if 省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had + 主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Werent I to do.3. 主语从句中的虚拟语气 1） It is +形容词+ that…” 结构中主语从句的谓语动词要用 should 加动词原形，should 省略。谓语动词要用 should 加动词原形，should 省略。谓语动词要用 should 加动词原形，should 省略。宾语从句中的在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。I wish it would rain tomorrow. 5. 同位语从句或表语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示“建议，计划，命令，要求”等含义的名词后面的同位语或表语从句中要求用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用should+动词原形或省略should 直接用动词原形，这些名词主要有：demand ,desire, requirement, advice