毕业设计--基于AT89C51单片机采用光电编码器实施转速测量的方法1.doc

PAGE 摘　　要 在工程实践中，经常会遇到各种需要测量转速的场合，测量转速的方法分为模拟式和数字式两种。模拟式采用测速发电机为检测元件，得到的信号是模拟量。数字式通常采用光电编码器，霍尔元件等为检测元件，得到的信号是脉冲信号。随着微型计算机的广泛应用，特别是高性能价格比的单片机的出现，转速测量普遍采用以单片机为核心的数字式测量方法。 本课题介绍了一种基于AT89C51单片机平台，采用光电编码器实施转速测量的方法，硬件系统包括脉冲信号产生、脉冲信号的处理和显示模块，并采用汇编语言编程，该方法具有结构简单、精度高、稳定性好的优点。并且还介绍了该测速方法的基本原理、实现方法和软硬件设计。 关键字：AT89C51单片机；转速；光电编码器 Abstract In engineering practice, we often encounter a variety of occasions that need to measure the speed and the speed measurement that is divided into two kinds of analog and digital. Analog tachometer generator for detecting components, the resulting signal is analog. Digital commonly used optical encoder, the Hall element and other detection devices, the signal is a pulse signal. With the extensive application of micro-computer, especially the emergence of high performance and low cost single-chip speed measurement commonly used by the MCU as the core digital measurement method Th subject based on AT89C51 microcontroller platform, the implementation of the photoelectric encoder speed measurement method, the hardware system includes a pulse signal generated pulse signal processing and display modules, and assembly language programming, this method has a simple structure, high precision good stability advantages. And also describes the basic principles of the velocity measurement method and the hardware and software design. Keywords: AT89C51 microcontroller; speed; optical encoder 目　　录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257079 第一章　 绪　　论 PAGEREF _Toc327257079 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257080 1.1转速测量方法 PAGEREF _Toc327257080 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257081 1.2转速测量原理 PAGEREF _Toc327257081 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257082 第二章　　系统硬件设计 PAGEREF _Toc327257082 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257083 2.1单片机模块设计 PAGEREF _Toc327257083 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257084 2.2光电编码器 PAGEREF _Toc327257084 \h 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257085 2.3 单片机AT89C51介绍 PAGEREF _Toc327257085 \h 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc327257086 2.3.1主要特征及管脚说明 PAGEREF _Toc327257086 \h 8 HYPE