一体化直线振荡压缩机建模与特性分析.docVIP

  一体化直线振荡压缩机建模与特性分析 张玉秋，于明湖，叶云岳，卢琴芬 （浙江大学电气工程学院，杭州 310027） 摘要：提出了一种新型一体化直线振荡压缩机结构，其活塞是由新型动磁式横向磁通直线振 荡电机直接驱动，具有加工难度小、动态特性好和体积小能效高等优点。利用等效磁路模型 和三维有限元模型两种方法，对驱动电机部分的气隙磁场分布和推力特性进行了分析，并根 据三维有限元计算结果对电磁系统模型进行了修正，从而考虑了边端效应和饱和效应的影 响。修正后的推力计算结果与实测数据的误差减小为原来的 41%，证明了修正后的推力计 算模型更加准确。空载和带载实验成功说明了该新型直线振荡压缩机系统方案的可行性和正 确性。电磁系统模型与机械动力学模型相结合，阐述了一体化直线振荡压缩机系统的运行机 理。 关键词：压缩机；直线电机；振荡；磁通；建模 中图分类号：TM359.4 文献标志码：A  Modeling and analysis of a novel integrated linear oscillatory compressor Zhang Yuqiu, Yu Minghu, Ye Yunyue, Lu Qinfen (College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China) Abstract: Through directly driving by a novel moving-magnet transverse-flux linear oscillatory motor, an integrated linear oscillatory compressor is presented. The compressor has the characteristics of simple manufacture process, good dynamic performance, small size and high efficiency. The magnetic field distributions and thrust characteristics of the drive motor are analyzed by both the analytical model and the three-dimensional finite element model (3DFEM). According to the 3DFEM results, the electromagnetic system model based on the magnetic circuit method is modified taking end effects and saturation effects into account. A comparison of the analytical results with the experimental results shows that the error of the modified model is reduced to 41% of the initial error, confirming the practicability of the modified model. The principles of the integrated linear oscillatory compressor system are explained by a combination of the electromagnetic system model and the mechanical dynamic model. Key words: compressor; linear motor; oscillation; flux; modeling 0 引言 直线振荡电机是一种利用电磁力直接产生短行程、高频往复运动的电机。相对于旋转电 机加曲柄连轴间接产生直线运动的方式，直线振荡电机省去了中间转换机构，具有传动效率 高、结构紧凑和噪声小等优点，非常适合用于人工心脏、泵和制冷压缩机等领域[1]。动磁式 因动子质量较轻、动态特性好和高效率等特点得到了较广泛的应用[2-6]。 现已应用于直线压缩机的 C 型动磁式直线振荡电机内定子多为内紧外松的辐射状结构， 叠装加工困难，成本大且由于缝隙存在而出现效率下降的问题。为此，笔者提出了一种新型 一体化直线振荡压缩机结构。动磁式横向磁通直线振荡电机作为驱动电机，其主磁路与运动 方向垂直，具有铁芯叠装方便、加工难度小和力特性好等优点。圆筒形内定子同时作