丙烯酰胺与淀粉接枝制备吸水性树脂的研究.pdfVIP

丙烯酰胺与淀粉接枝制备吸水性树脂的研究 摘 要 本实验采用液相反应法，选用了廉价的高锰酸钾/稀硫酸以及在报道中并不多 见的过硫酸铵/水合苯甲醛次硫酸氢钠氧化还原体系分别作为淀粉-丙烯酰铵接枝共 聚反应的引发剂，在参考大量文献的基础上对淀粉接枝丙烯酰铵共聚反应进行了研 究，并且就如何制作高吸水性树脂进行了探索与创新。结果表明：在所研究的三种 淀粉类型中（玉米、木薯、土豆淀粉），大批量生产选用玉米淀粉为佳，且引发体 系选用过硫酸盐引发体系较佳。由聚丙烯酰铵易溶而接枝物难溶来看，淀粉对于溶 解性有影响，且由吸水率可知尿素与碳酸钠的加入可降低产物吸水性。反应过程中 加入Na CO 与尿素后并且产物在90度下水解3小时后的产物明显胶体的吸水性要 2 3 比不加Na CO 与尿素的产物吸水性要高得多。制成的胶体应立即烘干成干粉备用。 2 3 因此不能用尿素做胶联剂提高产物吸水性。本实验致力于合成价廉且环保的接枝物 替代原有高价且不易降解的吸水树脂，应用于农业等领域。 关键词: 淀粉，引发体系，丙烯酰胺，接枝共聚 I 丙烯酰胺与淀粉接枝制备吸水性树脂的研究 Abstract I used the potassium permanganate / dilute sulfuric acid system and the ammonium sulfate / formaldehyde, benzene hydrated sodium bisulfate redox system as the initiator of Starch acrylamide graft Copolymerization. In reference to the Starch acrylamide graft Copolymerization, I studied how to innovate a super absorbent polymer. The results showed that: in the study of the three types of starch (maize, cassava, potato starch), corn starch is the best choice, and the potassium permanganate / dilute sulfuric acid system is better than the ammonium sulfate / formaldehyde, benzene hydrated sodium bisulfate redox system. According to the phenomenon that polyacrylamide is soluble while Starch acrylamide graft copolymer is insoluble ,starch affects the solubility. and water absorption. We can also know that the addition of urea and sodium carbonate product can reduce water. After the accession of urea and Na CO , the absorption of the colloid where we 2 3 added urea and sodium carbo