排气系统吊耳动静态特性分析及结构优化.docVIP

  排气系统吊耳动静态特性分析及结构优化 钱胜，陆益民** （合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院，合肥 230009） 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 摘要：吊耳是汽车排气系统的隔振关键部件，用非线性有限元数值计算方法研究典型吊耳动 静态特性，建立吊耳有限元模型，选择合适本构模型，模拟吊耳的动静态特性并计算吊耳三 向静刚度，用不同频率正弦信号激励吊耳，模拟其动态特性并用互功率谱的方法计算动刚度 和阻尼角；运用正交试验方法对吊耳进行结构优化，找出对吊耳动静态特性影响最大结构参 数并得到优化方案，使得吊耳动静态特性满足要求，提高隔振性能。 关键词：吊耳 动静态特性 互功率谱 正交优化 隔振 中图分类号：TK411+.5 Dynamic and Static Elastic Characterization Analysis and Structural Optimization of Exhaust System Isolators QIAN Sheng1, LU Yimin2 (1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering，Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009; 2. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering，Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009) Abstract: The Hanger isolators are the critical components of automobile exhaust systems. The dynamic and static elastic characterization of a typical hanger isolator is investigated by the method of Nonlinear Finite Element numerical calculation. First of all the finite element model of the hanger isolator is established, and then more suitable constitutive equations are selected. The static elastic characterization is simulated and the three directions static stiffness of the hanger isolator are calculated. Discrete frequency sine wave signals at specified amplitudes are used to excite the hanger isolator, and the dynamic stiffness and damping angle are calculated by cross-power spectrum. The structure of the automobile exhaust isolator is optimized in the orthogonal experiment, and the great influencing structural parameters are found. According to the orthogonal experiment, the more suitable scheme is determined and then the property of vibration isolation is improved. Key words: Hanger isolators；Dynamic and static elastic characterization; Cross-power spectrum ; Orthogonal optimization; Vibration isolation 0 引言 排气系统是汽车关键组成部分之一，对净化排放的废气和吸收发动机排气噪声具有重要 作用。而吊耳是汽车排气系统总成隔振和减震的重要部件，同时又是排气系统总成与车身的 连接件，起悬挂排气系统和隔离来自于排气系统的激励传到车身的作用。随着车身轻量化设 计、发动机前置前驱以及平衡性较差的直列四缸发动机的普遍采用，由排气系统激励以及路 面激励引起车内振动与噪声在一般汽车较为常见，这就降低了汽车舒适性。因此设计出高性 能的吊耳对隔离排气系统的振动