chapter10 Induction Machine Control and Simulation资料.pdfVIP

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.685 Electric Machinery Class Notes 10: Induction Machine Control and Simulation February 11, 2004 c �2003 James L. Kirtley Jr. 1 Introduction The inherent attributes of induction machines make them very attractive for drive applications. They are rugged, economical to build and have no sliding contacts to wear. The difficulty with using induction machines in servomechanisms and variable speed drives is that they are “hard to control”, since their torque-speed relationship is complex and nonlinear. With, however, modern power electronics to serve as frequency changers and digital electronics to do the required arithmetic, induction machines are seeing increasing use in drive applications. In this chapter we develop models for control of induction motors. The derivation is quite brief for it relies on what we have already done for synchronous machines. In this chapter, however, we will stay in “ordinary” variables, skipping the per-unit normalization. 2 Volts/Hz Control Remembering that induction machines generally tend to operate at relatively low per unit slip, we might conclude that one way of building an adjustable speed drive would be to supply an induction motor with adjustable stator frequency. And this is, indeed, possible. One thing to remember is that flux is inversely proportional to frequency, so that to maintain constant flux one must make stator voltage proportional to frequency (hence the name “constant volts/Hz”). However, voltage supplies are always limited, so that at some frequency it is necessary to switch to constant voltage control. The analogy to DC machines is fairly direct here: below some “base” speed, the machine