城市轨道交通工程技术专业毕业论文--隧道浅埋暗挖施工技术.docVIP

摘 要 通过近两个世纪的探索，山岭隧道建设形成了多种设计理论和工法，如新奥法、浅埋暗挖法、矿山法等，这些设计理论和工法在实践中发挥了十分重要的作用。浅埋暗挖法是在距离地表较近的地下进行各种类型地下洞室暗挖施工的一种方法，具有埋深浅、地层岩性差、存在地下水、周围环境复杂等特点。应用浅埋暗挖法设计、施工时，同时采用多种辅助工法超前支护，改善加固围岩，调动部分围岩的自承能力；并采用不同的开挖方法，及时支护，封闭成环，使其与围岩共同作用形成联合支护体系；在施工过程中应用监控量测、信息反馈和优化设计方法，实现不塌方、少沉降、安全施工，并形成多种综合配套技术。 关键词: 浅埋；暗挖隧道；施工；技术 ABSTRACT Along with the development of high grade highway in the mountainous area highway tunnel under complex geological the construction method , construction of security , environmental protection , economy increasingly attention by people. Tunnel construction process in geological conditions of the diversity and complexity , should use modern mechanics analysis of surrounding rock and supporting the community in basic mechanics rules , again with traditional mechanics theory analysis and combined with concrete tunnel engineering practice method or technology to solve for tunnel construction under complicated conditions. The tunnel engineering construction often involves complex engineering environment conditions, including complex engineering environment and complex geological environment,the following wear for road, through rich in groundwater diluvial body , through fault fracture zone , through rrivers or submarine ,ect. So, choose reasonable tunnel construction scheme of complex engineering in environment and the geological construction is of great significance. Key words: shallow buried; underground tunnel; construction technology 目 录 1 绪论…………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 2 概述…………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 2.1 工程特点………………………………………………………………………………… 2 2.2 浅埋暗挖法施工基本原则……………………………………………………………… 5 2.3 浅埋暗挖法“18字方针”………………………………………………………………6 3 开挖方法……………………………………………………………………………………… 7 3.1 开挖方法的选择………………………………………………………………………… 7 3.2 全断面开挖方法………………………………………………………………………… 8 3.2.1 施工顺序………………………………………………………………………… 8 3.2.2 适用范围………………………………………………………………………… 8 3.2.3 优缺点…………………………………………………………………………… 8 3.2.4 注意事项………………………………………………………………………… 8 3.3 台阶法施工…………………………………………………………………