毕业论文--联醇生产中醇氨比调节关键技术.doc

毕业设计 题目：联醇生产中醇氨比调节关键技术 目 录 中文摘要···························································3英文摘要····························································5 第一章 文献综述·····················································8 1.1联醇工艺的发展概况和进展········································8 1.2合成氨联产甲醇的重要意义········································8 第二章 联醇生产特点及优势··········································10 2.1联醇的概述·····················································10 2.2联醇生产的特点与优势···········································10 第三章 醇氨比的调节················································12 3.1醇氨比调节手段·················································12 3.2醇氨比调节方法与计算···········································13 第四章 新型联醇工艺流程············································23 4.1工艺流程图及简介···············································23 4.2工艺流程叙述···················································25 4.3工艺流程的特点·················································26 第五章 关键工序····················································27 5.1变换···························································27 5.2脱碳···························································28 5.3驰放气脱醇·····················································29 5.4净氨问题·······················································29 5.5联产甲醇双甲新工艺流程·········································30 第六章 结论························································32 参考文献···························································33 致谢 ······························································34  摘要 20世纪60年代末，合成氨联产甲醇工艺（简称联醇工艺）在我国实现工业化，这一具有自主知识产权的创举是我国科技人员对世界化肥工业的卓越贡献，其对我国化肥工业的影响可以与侯德榜发明的联合制碱法对纯碱工业的影响相媲美。因为联醇工艺的成功运用不仅使我国合成氨净化工艺在节能降耗方面取得了突破性的进展，使我国化肥工业一举改变了单纯生产合成氨和化肥的局面，大大增强了我国化肥企业应变市场的能力，使我国的广大中小型氮肥厂在吨氨能耗明显大于欧美发达国家大氮肥厂的时候，仍然能依靠联醇工艺而得到较好的生存和发展。联醇工艺与合成氨联产碳酸氢铵、合成氨联产纯碱、合成氨联产尿素并列为四大联产工艺，为我国化学工业的发展做出了巨大的贡献。 联醇工艺中一般来说仍然是以生产合成氨为主，以生产甲醇为辅的工艺。联醇工艺中合成氨和甲醇相对产量的高低是用醇氨比来衡量，所谓醇氨比是指甲醇与总氨（合成氨和甲醇之和）之比。因此当醇氨比等于零时，为单纯的合成氨工艺，当醇氨比达到100%时，称之为单醇工艺；只有当醇氨比介于零和50%之间时，才能称为联醇工艺；当