基于AT89S52单片机的循迹小车的系统设计.doc

PAGE 摘要 本设计是以单片机AT89S52为核心部件的小车循迹控制，利用电机驱动芯片L298来接控制小车内部前后两个电机的速度与转向。 红外一体传感器RPR220安装于小车地盘采集路面信号，然后经处理过后给单片机进行处理。 鼠标机械滚轮安装于小车后轮通轴上，用来测小车的行驶速度和路程，方便于控制小车速度。 本设计用到扩展芯片74hc164用以I/O口的扩展，后面外接两片带有所存功能的驱动芯片74hc573用来驱动数码管和12864液晶模块。 本设计采用C语言编程而非汇编语言，主要因为C语言具有很强的可读性和可移植性，便于改进和扩充，在软件的开发中可大大缩短开发周期，使用C语言进行单片机程序设计也是单片机开发与应用的必然趋势。 关键词：单片机；电机驱动；红外RPR220采集信号 Abstract The design is based on the core components of MCU AT89S52 car tracking control, the use of motor driver chipL298 to take control of car before and after the two motors inside the speed and steering. Infrared body sensor installed in the car site collection RPR220 road signals, and then treated after a givenMicrocontroller for processing. Mouse machinery installed in the car rear wheel pass axis is used to measure speed and distance car ride to facilitate the to control car speed. The design used for the expansion of 74hc164 chip I / O port expansion, followed by an external two stored functions with the driver chip 74hc573 used to drive the digital control and LCD Module 12864. This design uses a C instead of assembly language programming language, mainly due to the C language has a very strong readability and portability, easy to improve and expand, in the software development can be greatly shorten the development cycle, using the C language for microcontroller programming SCM is also an inevitable trend of development and application. Keywords: MCU； Motor drives；Infrared RPR220 acquisition signals 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc30079 1 前言 PAGEREF _Toc30079 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc17434 2 方案设计与论证 PAGEREF _Toc17434 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc833 2.1 直流调速系统 PAGEREF _Toc833 3 HYPERLINK \l _Toc30167 2.2 检测系统 PAGEREF _Toc30167 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc15144 2.2.1 行车起始、终点及光线检测 PAGEREF _Toc15144 4 HYPERLINK \l _Toc19563 2.2.2检测放大器方案 PAGEREF _Toc19563 5 HYPERLINK \l _Toc2993 2.2.3行车距离检测 PAGEREF _Toc2993 8 HYPERLINK \l _Toc28835 2.3显示电路 PAGEREF _Toc28835 9 HYPERLINK \l _Toc9645