毕业论文(设计) 基于单片机遥控小汽车的设计（硬件部分）.doc

基于单片机遥控小汽车的设计 （硬件部分） 学 院：机电与自动化学院 专 业：电气自动化技术0803 姓 名：陈敦卫 学 号：20082822113 指导教师： 段丽娜 2011年6月 基于89C51遥控小汽车的设计 （硬件部分） Based on 89C51 Remote control cars? design (Hardware part) 摘 要 根据题目要求，本设计采用AT89C2051单片机构成主从式的控制系统，双机采用串行接口通信。红外遥控部分采用遥控车模专用编、解码芯片TX-2/RX-2，提高控制的可靠性。采用红外传感器进行里程检测；超声波传感器进行障碍识别；感光电阻辅以步进电机控制的转动机构进行光源方向的检测，并能用软件控制小车行驶到光源附近。采用步进电机对小车的转向进行精确的控制，同时用红外传感器对转向的角度进行校正。此外，采用四位LED数码管和若干LED发光二极管显示时间、行进的里程以及小车的各种状态；采用AT89C2051串行EEPROM记录小车的行驶轨迹，并能按照所记录的轨迹自动行驶。 本次设计基于完备的软硬件系统，很好的实现了红外遥控功能，启动和停止，自动或手动；前或后直线行进；任意曲线行进；测距避障功能；显示行进距离；精确查找光源等一些功能。 关键词：单片机 超声波传感器 发射装置 接收装置 红外遥控。 Abstract According to the topic, my design needs to adopt two AT89C51 to form a control system of principal and subordinate. The communication between the two MCU is to adopt the serial port. Meanwhile, launch end join with insult male genital 61 sound recognition system that board make remotely, can finish the remote control function of the pronunciation, and it adopts the infrared sensor to measure the mileage; The ultrasonic sensor carries on the obstacle to discern; Sensitization resistance complement in order to walk into whom electrical machinery control rotate organization carry on measuring, direction of the light source, The small car can go to the adjacent place of the light source with the software .The design adopts serial EEPROM of AT24C08 to write down the orbit of the car , and can repeat the route automatically which has been recorded. The Design is on the basis of the complete software and hardware system, and the small car has the function of sound remote control, following any curve, recording the route where it has gone, finding out the light source, and can repeat the route automatically which has been recorded. Key words: Singlechip89C51 Sensor Electropult Receiver RemoteControl. 目 录 摘要 Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ 绪论 1 1 遥控小汽车的总体设计 4 1.1 总体设计思路 4 1.2 设计方案论证与比较 4 1.2.1 轨迹探测模块设计与比较 4 1.2.2 数据存储比较 5 1.2.3 障碍探测模块方案分析与比较 5 1.3 课题背景 6 1.4 课题内容及安排 7 1.5 本章小结 7 2 遥控小汽车的硬件