自动化专业英语写作.ppt

第八章 英语科技论文的写作 科技写作的必要性 本科毕业论文、研究生的硕士论文、博士论文、博士后的出站报告都属于科技协作的范畴。申请科研项目，争取资助时，申报材料的写作水平起着十分重要的作用。 “科技写作的灵魂就是解说”。 科技论文的定义 “科技论文是叙述原始研究成果而写成并发表的报告。” “科学论文必须以一定的方式写作，并且以一定的方式发表。” “一篇公认的原始科学论文，必须是首次公布的，它应提供足够的资料，以使同行们能够： ? 1，评价观察到的结果； ? 2，重复实验； ? 3，评价推理过程； 8.1 科技论文的体例 期刊类科技论文的主要内容： Title Author/affiliation Abstract Keywords Introduction Materials and methods, equipment and test (experiment) procedure Result Discussion Acknowledgements Reference 8.2 标题的写作 1. General function Generalizing the Text A title should summarize the central idea of the paper concisely and correctly. It must be consistent with the contents of the document, and be highly representative of the central idea of the paper. By glancing at the title, the reader will immediately know, incorporating with the abstract, what is mainly dealt with in the paper. Therefore, the title should distinguish the paper from other treatments of the same general subject so as to strengthen the influence of the paper in a given field. 2) Attracting the Reader An interesting title may draw particular attention among professionals, for only when readers are interested in the title will they decide to read the whole paper. Therefore, a less attractive title will cause the loss of a large number of readers of the paper. Ideally, the title should be such that, by reading it, any professional reader can see whether the paper is worth reading at all. 3) Facilitating the Retrieval A good title can help the reader in his search for information. During the process of paper retrieval the title is always the first piece of information the reader acquires. So, a title serve as an important index of information retrieval to meet the needs of extensive paper communication and information dissemination. 2. Linguistic Features Using More Nouns, Noun Phrases and Gerunds The words or phrases used in a title are very often nouns, noun phrases or gerunds, nominalization, which usually are keywor