有机合成化学chapter2.ppt

3. Reductive amination Examples: 4. Reduction of nitriles Examples: 5. Hofmann degradation of amides Examples: ----Reaction of Diazonium---- Replacement of Nitrogen 2. Coupling 1. Replacement of nitrogen ----Reaction of Diazonium---- a) Replacement by -Cl, -Br, -CN Examples: b) Replacement by -I Example: c) Replacement by -F Examples: d) Replacement by -OH Example: e) Replacement by -H Example: 2. Coupling Example: ----Preparation of Aldehyde Ketone---- Aldehyde 1. Oxidation of Primary Alcohols 2. Oxidation of Methylbenzene 3. Reduction of Acid chloride Ketone 1. Oxidation of Secondary Alcohols 2. Friedel-Crafts Acylation ----Preparation of Aldehyde Ketone---- 1. Oxidation of primary alcohols Example: 2. Oxidation of methylbenzene Examples: 3. Reduction of acid chloride Example: 1. Oxidation of secondary alcohols Example: 2. Friedel-Crafts acylation Examples: ----Reactions of Aldehyde Ketone---- 1. Oxidation 2. Reduction 3. Addition of Cyanide 4. Addition Derivatives of ammonia 5. Addition of Alcohols 6. Cannizzaro Reaction 7. Addition of Grignard Reagent ----Reactions of Aldehyde Ketone---- 1. Oxidation a) Aldehydes Example: * Chapter 2Basic of Organic Synthesis ----Preparation of Alkane---- 1.Hydrogenation of Alkenes 2. Reduction of Alkyl Halides 3. Coupling of Alkyl Halides with Organometalic Compounds ----Preparation of Alkane---- Hydrogenation of alkene 2.Reduction of alkyl halides a) Hydrolysis of Grignard reagent. Example: b) Reduction by metal and acid. Example: 3. Coupling of alkyl halides with organometalic compounds. Example: ----Preparation of Alkene---- 1. Dehydrohalogenation of Alkyl Halide 2. Dehydration of Alcohols 3. Dehalogenationof Vicinal Dihalides 4. Reduction of Alkynes ----Preparation of Alkene---- 1. Dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halide Examples: 2. Dehydration of alcohols Examples: 3. Dehalogenation of vicinal dihalides Example: 4. Reduction of alkynes ----Preparation of Alcohol---- 1. Oxymercurat