N-甲基硝基胍的合成本科毕业论文修改稿.doc

PAGE 摘 要N-甲基硝基胍是一种重要的农药、医药中间体在许多领域有着广泛的应用，如生产高效低毒农药噻虫胺、噻虫嗪、呋虫胺等。此外，N-甲基硝基胍经还原可以制氨基胍，用于合成心绞痛药物乐可安等，也可用于炸药和无烟火药的配制。随着N-甲基硝基胍的应用范围不断扩大，近年来国内外市场其需求量逐年上升, N-甲基硝基胍的生产能力远不能满足需求，因而研究合成N-甲基硝基胍的方法有着非常重要的现实意义。N-甲基硝基胍可由不同的原料和工艺条件制备。本论文采用硝基胍作为原料，后再与甲胺在水溶液中反应制得N-甲基硝基胍，并通过单因素实验和正交试验探讨了物料配比、反应时间、反应温度、反应PH等对反应产物产率的影响，确定了制备N-甲基硝基胍的最佳工艺条件为：确定PH值为11-12，物料配比为1:1.2，反应时间为3h，温度为40℃，本课题采用硝基胍和甲胺水溶液为原料，以水作为稀释剂制备N-甲基硝基胍。方法简便，反应条件温和、副反应少、产率高，粗产品无需进一步的纯化，而且减少了纯化过程中产物损失和大量有机溶剂的使用，降低了合成成本。关键词：N-甲基硝基胍；硝基胍；甲胺；工艺优化Abstract N-methyl-nitroguanidine is an important pesticides, pharmaceutical intermediates has been widely applied in many fields, such as production efficiency and low toxicity pesticides Clothianidin, thiamethoxam, Dinotefuran. In addition, N-methyl nitroguanidine by reduction aminoguanidine can be made for synthetic angina drugs Trapymin,it can also be used for the preparation of explosives and smokeless powder. With the expanding scope of application of the N-methyl-nitroguanidine, domestic and international market demand increased year by year, N-methyl-nitroguanidine production capacity can not meet demand, so study the synthesis of N-methyl-nitroguanidine method has a very important practical significance. N-methyl-nitroguanidine can be made of different raw materials and the preparation process conditions. Nitroguanidine in this paper as raw material, and then with methylamine in aqueous solution obtained by the reaction of N-methyl-nitroguanidine, and through single factor experiments and orthogonal test of raw material ratio, reaction time, reaction temperature, the reaction PH the influence of the reaction product yield determined: To determine the PH value 11-12 Preparation of N-methyl-nitro-guanidine the optimum conditions for the material ratio of 1:1.2, the reaction time of 3 h, temperature 40 ℃, six validation experiments, the average yield of 75.971%. This topic uses nitroguanidine and methylamine aqueous solution as raw material, water as a diluent preparation of