基坑支护毕业论文.doc

摘 要 基坑工程是指在地表以下开挖的一个地下空间及其配套的支护体系。而基坑支护就是为保证基坑开挖，基础施工的顺利进行及基坑周边环境的安全，对基坑侧壁以及周边环境采用的支挡、加固与保护等措施。 基坑支护体系是临时结构，安全储备较小，具有较大风险，基坑工程具有很强的区域性。不同水文，工程地质环境条件下基坑工程的差异很大。基坑工程环境效应复杂，基坑开挖不仅要保证基坑本身的安全稳定，而且要有效的控制基坑周边地层移动以及保护周围环境。 本文在第一部分中介绍了深基坑的定义及在建筑工程中的作用与地位，基坑的特点、基坑工程对建筑物的影响以及基坑工程目前存在的问题；第二部分主要介绍了基坑支护设计及计算；在第三部分中，从排桩的计算、止水、降水以及钢支撑稳定性分析方面对深基坑计算理论进行了阐述，最后还介绍了施工监测方面的内容；通过对淮海第一城的具体分析，运用前面讲到的理论方法，对基坑支护进行了设计；着重介绍了土方的开挖顺序、挖孔桩和钢支撑的施工工艺。 关键词 基坑支护结构；钻孔灌注桩 ；钢支撑；施工组织设计；降水处理 Abstract Foundation Pit is the excavation of an underground space below the surface and a coordinated support system. Bracing of foundation pit is to ensure that excavation and foundation construction for the smooth and safe environment Foundation Pit and used the pit retaining wall reinforcement and protection. Bracing of Foundation Pit structure is the structural safety of temporary reserves are smaller, more risk. Foundation pit structure has a strong regional.Excavation works under different hydrological environmental and geological conditions are vastly. Effects complex excavation, excavation pit is not only necessary to ensure their own safety，but also to effectively control the pit surrounding strata. In the first part , it introduces the definition of deep foundation pit bracing, and the position and function of the constructional engineering, and the characteristic of deep foundation pit ,the influence of excavation engineering of buildings and the existing problems in the excavation engineering. In the second part , it introduces the design of deep foundation pit bracing and numeration; In the third part , through calculation of piling, water-stop, dewatering and the stability analysis of steel bracing. In the end, it introduces some content about supervisory survey of construction; Through detailed analysis of construction site and the application of the theory method mentioned above, it finishes the design of the deep foundation bracing. It designs the design of deep foundati