(毕业论文)果树采摘机器人的发展现状及运动学分析.docVIP

果树采摘机器人的发展现状及运动学分析 专业：机械制造与自动化 学生： 指导老师： 完成日期：2013.4.10 摘 要 果园收获作业机械化、自动化是广大果农关注的热点问题。进行果树采摘机器人研究，不仅对于适应市场需求、降低劳动强度、提高经济效率有着一定的现实意义，而且对于跟踪世界农业新技术、促进我国农业科技进步，加速农业现代化进程有着重大的意义。 果树采摘机器人是一个集环境感知、动态决策与规划、行为控制与执行等多种功能于一体的综合系统，它是由机械手固定在履带式移动平台上构成的一类特殊的移动机器人系统。本文在以自行设计的机器人机械结构为研究对象，对果树采摘机器人的控制系统进行了分析、研究和设计，并对采摘机器人避障技术进行了探讨。主要工作如下： 分析了果树采摘机器人机械结构，介绍了机器人运动学理论，根据自行设计的5自由度机械臂机械特性，采用几何结构算法，建立了果树采摘机器人机械臂的正、逆运动学方程。 关键词：果树采摘机器人，机械结构，运动学分析等等。 ABSTRACT Orchard mechanized and automation harvesting operations have become the hot issue of majority fruit growers concerned.Develop the fruit harvesting robot research not only has a certain degree of practical significance to meet market demand and reduce labor intensity and improve economic efficiency, but also can to track new agricultural technologies of the world. It is important to promote Chinas agricultural scientific and technological progress, accelerate the agricultural modernization process. Fruit harvesting robot is an integrated system that has multiple functions such as environmental apperceive,dynamic decision making, planning conduct control and implementation. It is a special kind of mobile robot system that the mechanical hand was fixed in the track type mobile platform. This paper was supported by the National “863” Project: “research on fruit harvesting robot’s key technologies”. A self-designed robot mechanical structure was uesd as the study object.Analysis, research and design was progressed for the fruit harvesting robots control system. The adaptive fuzzy PID controller was composed by PID control method combined with fuzzy logic control method and the controller was used in fruit harvesting robot visual servo control.At the same time the technology of harvesting robot’s control and obstacle avoidance was analysed.The main research contents as follows: the mechanical structure of the fruit harvesting robot w