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英文文献及翻译A chemical compound that is contained in the hands of the problems，for example，Catalytic asymmetric carbon-carbon bond formation is one of the most active research areas in organic synthesis. In this field, the application of chiral ligands in enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes has attracted much attention, lots of ligands such as chiral amino alcohols, amino thiols, piperazines, quaternary ammonium salts, 1,2-diols, oxazaborolidines and transition metal complex with chiral ligands have been empolyed in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes. In this dissertation, we report some new chiral ligands and their application in enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes.1 Synthesis and application of chiral ligands containing sulfur atomSeveral a-hydroxy acids were prepared using the literature method with modifications from the corresponding amino acids valine, leucine, and phenylalanine. Improved yields were obtained by slowly simultaneous addition of three fold excess of sodium nitrite and 1 tnol/L H2SO4. In the preparation of a-hydroxy acid methyl esters from a-hydroxy acids following the procedure described by Vigneron, a low yield (45%) was obtained It was found that much better results (yield 82%) could be obtained by esterifying a-hydroxy acids with methanol-thionyl chloride.The first attempt to convert (S)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid methyl ester to the corresponding (R)-1,1-diphenyl-2-mercapto-3-methyl-l-butanol is as the following: (S)-2-Hydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid methyl ester was treated with excess of phenylmagnesium bromide to give (S)-1,1-diphenyl-3-methyl-1,2-butanediol, which was then mesylated toobtain (S)-1,1-diphenyl-3-methyl-2-(methanesulfonyloxy)-l-butanol. Unfortunately, conversion of (S)-1,1-diphenyl-3-methyl-2-(methanesulfonyloxy)-l-butanol to the corresponding thioester by reacting with potassium thioacetate under Sn2 reaction conditions can be achieved neither in DMF at 20-60 nor in reflux