基于单片机分布式数据采集系统设计毕业论文.doc

摘要 由于数据采集系统的应用范围越来越宽、所涉及到的测量信号和信号源的类型越来越多、对测量的要求也越来越高，国内现在已有不少数据测量和采集的系统，但很多系统存在功能单一、采集通道少、采集速率低、操作复杂，并且对测试环境要求较高等问题。人们需要一种应用范围广、性价比高的数据采集系统。 在分析了不同类型的单片机的特点及单片机与PC机通信技术的基础上，设计了单片机控制的采集系统，并通过串口通信实现单片机与PC机之间的通信，实现数据的传送并将数据在PC机上显示，完成单机的多通道数据采集系统的设计及实现。 研究了PC机与单片机通信的分布式结构的通信方式及总线特点，设计了基于RS-232总线的多通道的数据采集系统，并给出了该系统硬件、软件实现的方法及该系统的性能测试及分析。 基于单片机的多通道数据采集系统是信号输入A／D转换为数字信号后由单片机采集，然后利用单片机与PC机的通信将数据送到PC机进行数据的存储、后期处理与显示，实现了数据处理功能强大、显示直观、界面友好、性价比高、应用广泛的特点。 关键词：多通道；数据采集；单片机；通信 Abstract Since the wide range of data acquisition system, which involves the measurement signal and the type of signal source more and more, surveyors are inceresingly high requirements of the domestic now have a lot of data acquisition and measurement system, but there are many single function systems, collecting less access, low collection rate, complicated operations, and the demands of the test environment and other issues. It requires a broad scope of application, high reliability and low-cost data acquisition system. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of different types of SCM and PC communication technology infrastructure, SCM control of the collection system designed and adopted MCU serial Communication between PC and communications, Data transmission and display of data stored on the PC. Single completed the multi-channel data acquisition system design and implementation. Of the PC and communications distributed MCU bus structure and communication features design based on the RS-232 aircraft multi-channel data acquisition system, and gives the system hardware. Software methods and the performance of the system was tested and analyzed. Based on SCM multi-channel data acquisition system is adopted will come from the sensor signal amplification, linear filtering. After processing maintain synchronous sampling, which converted to digital signal input A/D conversion by SCM acquisition , then, SCM and PC communications data to the data storage, post-processing and display, a powerful