基于单片机的智能交通灯控制系统设计.docVIP

SHANDONGＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＹ 毕业设计说明书 基于单片机的智能交通灯控制系统设计 学 院： 计算机科学与技术学院 专 业： 通信工程 学生姓名： 学 号： 指导教师： 2013年06月摘 要 人口的增加和经济的发展给交通运输带来了一些传统方法难以解的问题，使道路资源浪费，耽误人们的时间。道路拥挤现象日趋严重，造成的经济损失越来越大，现在的交通系统已经不能满足经济发展的需求。 针对道路交通拥挤，交叉路口经常出现拥堵的情况，本文在对目前的交通控制深入分析后，提出了这种基于单片机的智能交通灯控制系统的设计方案。单片机通过定时器控制红绿灯的亮灭时间，还可以接收控制信号和设定时间。该交通灯控制系统选用了MCS-51单片机作为控制芯片，除具有交通灯的基本功能外，还具有倒计时提示、车流量检测及调整、串口通信和红外遥控等功能，提高了交通灯的智能性、可靠性和实用性。 理论证明本系统能简单、经济、有效地疏导交通，提高路口的通行能力，并最大限度的提高路口车辆的通行速度。 关键词：MCS-51单片机、智能交通灯、倒计时、车流量Abstract The population growth and economic development have brought some problems which is difficult to solve with the traditional method . It caused the waste of road resources and it wasted peoples time. The phenomenon of road congestion is m ore and more badly and the economic loss is serious. Now, the present traffic system has been unable to meet the needs of economic development. According to the phenomenon of the road traffic congestion and the traffic jam in the intersection, this paper put forward the design scheme of the intelligent traffic light control system based on SCM in behind of the depth analysis for the current traffic control . SCM can not only controls the time of the traffic light through the timer, but also receives the control signal and sets time. The traffic light control system use MCS-51 single chip microcomputer as control chip, in addition to the basic function of traffic lights, has prompted the countdown, traffic detection and adjustment, serial communication and infrared receiver functions. It can improve the traffic lights intelligent, reliability and practicability. Theory proves that this system can simple, economic, efficient grooming of traffic, and traffic speed to maximize the improvement of road vehicles. Key words: MCS-51，Intelligent traffic lights，The countdown, traffic flow 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 目 录 III 第一章 绪论 1 1.1 课题的背景和意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 第二章 单片机简介 3 2.1 单片机的发展历史 3 2.2 单片机的发