年产20万吨PVC烧碱工段的工艺设计.docVIP

摘要 聚氯乙烯(Polyvinyl Chloride，简称PVC)，是我国第一、世界第二大通用型合成树脂材料，与聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）、聚苯乙烯（PS）和ABS统称为五大通用树脂，应用领域广泛。PVC有优异的难燃性、耐磨性、抗化学腐蚀性、综合机械性、制品透明性、电绝缘性及比较容易加工等特点。 氯碱，即氯碱工业，也指使用饱和NaCl溶液制氯气氢气烧碱的方法。工业上用电解饱和NaCl溶液的方法来制取NaOH、Cl2和H2，并以它们为原料生产一系列化工产品，称为氯碱工业，即工业上电解法生产烧碱也称氯碱工业。氯碱工业是最基本的化学工业之一，它的产品除应用于化学工业本身外，还广泛应用于轻工业、纺织工业、冶金工业、石油化学工业以及公用事业。电解法生产烧碱，根据电解槽结构、电极材料和隔膜材料的不同可分为水银法、隔膜法和离子交换膜法。 在生产二十万吨PVC产品中要采取相关的方法除去氯。PVC脱氯工艺方面，应本着因地制宜、节能降耗的原则设计相应的工艺路线，以达到最佳的经济效果。本设计从初步设计的角度对年产20万吨PVC化工厂进行了全面设计，设计结果达到了设计课题的基本要求，完成了PVC的生产工厂的初步设计，进行了可行性论证，完成了物料、热量、设备等的相关计算。 关键词： PVC；烧碱；电解法；脱氯。 Abstract PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride, referred to as PVC), Chinas first and the worlds second largest general-purpose synthetic resin material, with polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and ABS are collectively referred to as the top five general-purpose resins, wide range of application areas. PVC has excellent flame retardancy, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, the integrated mechanical products of transparency, electrical insulating properties and relatively easy processing and other characteristics. The chlor-alkali, chlor-alkali industry, but also refers to the use of saturated NaCl solution chlorine hydrogen caustic soda. Industrial electrolysis method of saturated NaCl solution preparation NaOH, Cl2 and H2, and using them as raw materials to produce a range of chemical products, known as the chlor-alkali industry, industrial electrolytic production of caustic soda, also known as the chlor-alkali industry. The chlor-alkali industry is one of the basic chemical industry, its products applied to the chemical industry itself, but also widely used in light industry, textile industry, metallurgical industry, petrochemical industry and utilities. The electrolytic production of caustic soda, according to the electrolytic cell structure, the electrode material and the separator material can be divided into the mercury method, the diaphragm and the ion exchange membrane method. To take a method to re