三相异步电机软启动控制器设计.doc

 三相异步电机软启动控制器设计 摘 要 三相异步电动机因具有结构简单、制造方便、运行可靠、价格低廉等优点，而广泛应用在工业、农业、交通运输业、国防工业以及其他各行各业中。但三相异步电机存在明显的缺点，偏小的起动转矩，过大的起动电流，对电网冲击大。并由此会造成电网电流瞬间增加,导致电压下降,对其他运行中的电设备造成影响,还可能使低电压保护动作，威胁相关设备的安全运行,使电机本身及系统的继电保护的整定和配合增加难度,降低了保护的灵敏度 。 本文讨论了基于双单片机AT89C51控制的晶闸管软启动控制器的设计。本次设计原模型为上海雷诺尔科技股份有限公司生产的JJR2000型软起动器，通过借鉴其相关部分，结合自己的设计理念，设计出集软起动、软停车、过流、缺相等保护功能于一身的软起动器。并可通过人机界面，可以根据负载特性设置起动参数，有较强的负载适应性。并且对基于限流软起动方式的三相异步电机软起动控制器进行了仿真，通过分析仿真波形得出最佳触发角。 关键词：三相异步电机 晶闸管 软起动 AT89C51 The design of three-phase asynchronous motor soft starter Abstract Because of the three-phase asynchronous motor’s simple structure, convenient manufacture, reliable operation, low price and other advantages, it is widely applied in industry, agriculture, transportation, defense industry and other industries. But the three-phase asynchronous motor has obvious disadvantages, small starting torque, large starting current and large impact on Power Grid. These will cause the grid current instantaneous increasing, a drop in voltage, and influencing other electrical equipment. It may also make the low voltage protection action, threating the safe operation of the equipment related, so increases the difficulty to the cooperation of motor itself and the system’s relay protection , reducing the sensitivity of the protection. This passage researches the design of the thyristor soft starter based on the control of double AT89C51 CPU. The design of the original model is JJR2000 soft starter produced by Shanghai RENLE Technologies Inc. Through drawing lessons from the relevant circuit, coupled with my own design concepts, design a soft starter with the protections of soft starting, soft stop, overcurrent, overvoltage and so on. Through the man-machine interface, we can set the starting parameters according to load characteristics , having relatively strong load adaptability. And we simulate the three-phase asynchronous motor soft starter based on the current limit soft starting, by analyzing the simulation waveform to obtain t