注塑模具的设计及说明.docVIP

摘 要 注射成型是热塑性材料制品生产的一种重要方法。出了个别热塑性塑料外，几乎所有的塑件塑料都采用此方法成型的。近几年来，注射成型还已成功地用来成型弄些热固性塑料制品。 注射成型可以成型各种形状的塑料制品。它的特点是周期短，能一次成型外型复杂、尺寸精度、带有嵌件的塑料制品，生产效率高，易于实现自动化生产，所以应用广泛。 注射成型用的设备是各种类型的注射机。注射机主要作用是将料筒的塑料加热，使其融化（塑化），然后对熔融的塑料施加高压，使其喷嘴高速注入模具型腔。 可见，在注射成型的过程中模具模具起关键性的作用。它对塑料制品的尺寸、精度和表面粗糙度起着重要的作用。本设计就是一塑料制品的尺寸、公差、结构形状以及塑件的物理性能、力学性能和工艺性能为依据来设计模具的过程。 关键词﹕注射成型；热固性；热塑性；模具 Abstract Injection molding of thermoplastic material is a kind of important method of production. The individual thermoplastic, almost all of the plastic parts plastic have adopted this method of forming. In recent years, injection molding also has been used successfully to get some thermosetting plastic products molding. Injection molding can form various shapes of plastic products. It is characterized by short period, can a molding shape, size precision, complex with insert plastic products, high production efficiency, easy to realize automatic production, so the application of broad. Injection molding equipment of various types of injection machine. Injection machine main role is to the barrel of the plastic heating, the melting ( plastics ), and then the molten plastic with high voltage, so that the nozzles at high speed into the injection mould cavity. Visible, in injection molding process mold play a key role. The plastic products, size, accuracy and surface roughness plays an important role in. This design is a plastic products, size, tolerance, structural shape of plastic parts and physical properties, mechanical properties and processing properties as the basis to design mold process. Key words: injection molding thermosetting thermoplastic mould 前 言 塑料工业是世界上增长最快的工业之一。自1909年实现以纯粹化学合成方法生产塑料算起，塑料工业已有90余年的历史。1927年聚氯乙烯塑料问世以来，随着高分子化学技术的发展，各种性能的塑料，特别是聚酰胺、聚甲醛、ABS、聚碳酸酯、聚砜、聚苯醚、氟塑料等工程塑料发展迅速，其速度超过了聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯与聚苯乙烯等四种通用塑料，使塑件在工业产品与生活用品方面获得广泛的应用，以塑料代替金属的实例，比比皆是。塑料有着一系列金属所不及的优点，诸如：重量轻、耐腐蚀、电气绝缘性好、易于造型、生产效率高与成本低廉等。但也存在许多自身的缺陷，诸如：抗老化性、耐热性、抗静电性、耐燃性及比机械强度低于金属。但随着高分子合成技术、材料改性技术及成型工艺的进步，愈来愈多的具有优异性能的塑料高分子材料不断涌现，从而促使塑料工业飞跃