GSM系统站点规划与设计.doc

目 录 引 言 4 1 GSM系统简介 5 1.2 GSM网络接口 8 1.3 频率配置 10 1.4 信道分类 11 2 GSM网络优化目标和流程 14 2.1 GSM无线网络优化的目标 14 2.2 GSM无线网络优化的流程 15 3 室内覆盖的优化 20 3.1 室内覆盖优化的意义 20 3.2 改善室内覆盖的方法及手段 21 3.4 不同信号源比较 22 4 天线在网络优化中的作用 27 4.1 天线的主要性能指标 27 4.2 优化中天线的选择 30 5 掉话的分析和解决方法 33 5.1由于切换导致的掉话 33 5.2 由于干扰而导致的掉话 36 5.3天馈线原因产生掉话的情况 39 6大学园区高话务解决方案 41 6.1 高话务简要分析 41 6.2 方案简要分析 42 6.3 对于高校话务问题的几点考虑 44 结束语 46 致谢 47 参考文献 48 1993年，GSM网络在我国开始进入商业用途，距今有14年，目前我国GSM网络用户已超过3.7亿，网络规模和容量都居世界第一，我国通信网络面临着严峻挑战。 一方面由于移动用户数目的惊人发展，网络规模不断扩大，但频率资源匮乏，无线网络的频率复用系数越来越小，网络规模庞大导致出现的问题也越来越多样化和复杂化，此时单靠日常的维护已经无法切实地为广大移动用于提供高质量的移动通信服务。 另一方面随着竞争的激烈和用户的高要求，如何使网络达到最佳的运行状态，如何提高通信质量，提高网络的平均服务水平以及提高系统设备利用率，已经成为网络运营商的首要任务。特别是我国GSM网络在扩容时普遍存在周期短，速度快的情况，导致工程中留下很多质量问题，需要在后期的网络优化中解决。 关键词：GSM 频率复用 通信质量 网络优化  Abstract In China, GSM network has a history of about 14 years, ever since it began its commercial use from 1993. Its present amount of Chinese user is more than 350 million, either of the scale and capacity ranks first in the world. Our domestic mobile-communications are confronted with severe and rigorous challenges. On the one hand, in pace with the astonishing growth of telecommunication users, the network keeps expanding in scale. However, problems like want of frequency resources, the smaller coefficient of frequency reuse and more unwieldy network, bring about more and more troubles of increasingly diversified and complicated. Thus mere routine maintenance is not enough to provide high-qualified service for the broad mobile-communication users. On the other hand, as the competitions are keener, and to meet the higher demand of customers, the network operators are faced with some urgent and critical tasks and difficulties: how to run the network to its optimum, how to heighten the quality of telecommunications, how to improve the average service and utilization rate of system installations, etc.. Especially in China, “short cycle” and “speediness” are two peculiarities commonly existing in the GSM expanding capacity duratio