基于FPGA的光电跟踪太阳能电机驱动研究毕业论文.doc

基于FPGA的光电跟踪太阳能电机驱动研究 中文摘要 太阳能是一种新型的清洁能源，但目前已经投入使用的太阳能发电系统的太阳能利用率还不高。在实际应用过程中需要用各种技术手段和设施来解决太阳能发电系统存在的一些问题。本文主要运用太阳跟踪来提高太阳能的接收效率。本文在对目前国内外太阳能跟踪器发展现状和原理的基础上，提出了一种基于FPGA的利用光电传感器设计的太阳能跟踪装置，并对其电机驱动做了主要研究。本课题的设计思想是，利用光电传感器采集光信号，然后将采集到的模拟信号经过A/D转换芯片ADC0804转换成数字信号，再将数字信号传入FPGA控制芯片进行算法处理，再把FPGA处理过后的信号输入步进电机控制芯片L297来控制步进电机的转动，步进电机再带动转轴使得太阳能电池板旋转，最后达到太阳跟踪的目的。最后对跟踪器的各个模块进行测试，结果表明，本课题所进行的太阳跟踪器的电机驱动研究思路、控制方法、硬件设计以及软件设计都是切实可行的。 关键词 太阳跟踪；光电传感器；FPGA；步进电机驱动Abstract Solar energy is a new kind of clean energy, but the solar energy utilization of the solar energy generating systems which have been already used is not high. We need to use all kinds of technologies and facilities to solve the problems in the solar energy generating systems in the actual application process. This paper mainly used the solar tracker to improve the receiving efficiency. At the basis of the present development situation and the principle of the solar tracker, this paper comes up with a kind of solar tracker which is based on FPGA technology by using photosensor，and the motor drive of the design is the focus of the research. The design philosophy in this paper is, using the photosensor to collect photosignal, then transform the analogue signal collecting from the photosensor into digital signal by using ADC0804, and then input the digital signal into FPGA platform which will deal with the digital signal with a series of algorithms, then input these signals into L297 which is a kind of controller chip of stepper motor to control the rolling of the stepper motor, and the rolling of the stepper motor will drive the rolling of solar battery. Then we can hit the target.Then we test every part of the solar tracker, the result shows that the research ideas, the control method，the hardware design and the software design of the motor drive of the solar tracker in this paper are all feasible. Key words solar tracker; photosensor; FPGA; stepper motor driver 目录 中文摘要 I Abstract II 目录 III 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 课题研究的目的和意义 1 1.1.