热致性液晶聚酯酰亚胺的设计合成.docVIP

*热致性液晶聚酯酰亚胺的设计合成 及其性能研究 Synthesis and Properties of Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Polyester-imides 李瑞，许家瑞*，张艺*，许军 (中山大学材料物理与化学研究所，广州 510275) 摘要: 高分子液晶材料有高强度，高硬度，优异的抗化学腐蚀性，良好的尺寸稳定性及低线性膨胀系数，这使得用它制造高性能的工程塑料非常有吸引力。近年来，高分子液晶逐渐被应用于电子电器、航空航天、化工、光纤通讯和机械工业等领域。但在目前普遍使用的合成方法和条件下，高分子液晶的合成工艺环节多，合成周期长，产物收率低，导致了它的生产成本相当高，而且高分子液晶的熔融温度很高，加工困难，限制了它在高性能材料方面的应用。 本论文通过对Higashi直接缩聚法原理的理解和借鉴，在液晶主链中引入了HO－φ－X－φ－OH类扭曲单体，按分子设计的原理，设计合成了一系列具有良好液晶性能和成纤性能的聚酯酰亚胺，不仅有效降低了液晶聚合物的熔融温度及提高了聚合物的液晶性，而且基本克服了液晶合成中环节繁多、周期长、收率低等问题。利用偏光显微镜、DSC和热重分析等手段对聚合物进行表征。研究结果表明所得聚合产物具有良好的液晶性、优异的成纤性和低的熔融加工温度，达到了预期的研究目标。 关键词: 热致性液晶，聚酯酰亚胺液晶，成纤性，4，4’－二羟基二苯酮 Abstract: Liquid crystalline polymers (LCP) with high strength and stiffness, high chemical resistance, good dimensional stability and low linear thermal expansion coefficient are attractive high performance engineering materials .It has been widely applied to the fields of space and aviation industries, automobile ,communication, and etc. However, with the conventional synthesis method, the field of application of LCP is limited to a great extent for not only its high manufacturing cost but also the high melting temperature. In this thesis, a series of polyester-imides were synthesized based on Higashi’s direct polycondensation principle derived from kink diol monomer dihydroxybenzophenone (DHBP) and imide diacid containing flexible space methylenes, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHB), and the other diacids and diols. The properties of these polyester-imides and copolyesters were characterized by polarizing light microscope (PLM), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), etc. The results show that the polymers have good liquid crystalline property ,excellent fiber-forming property and fiber strength, and low melting temperature. Key words: Thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester-imide, 4,4’-dihydroxybenzoph- enone,Fiber-forming property 1. 前言 随着航空、航天、导弹、交通事业的不断发展, 对于具有高强度、高模量和耐高温性能极好的纤维的要求日益迫切。高分子液晶是高分子材料中一个比较新的研究领域,引起了人们的极大兴趣。至今，高分子