江苏省泗阳中学2013届高考英语 专题训练-任务型阅读.docVIP

江苏省泗阳中学2013届高考专题训练—任务型阅读 任务型阅读是根据《普通高中课程标准（实验）》提出的“优化学习方式，提高自主学习能力”的理念设计的，旨在考查考生根据学习任务的需要“用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力”。该题型要求考生在阅读所给语言材料的基础上对相关信息进行加工，在读透文章、把握主题、理清文脉和审清题意的基础上以完成表格或图表的形式完成相关文字表达的任务。 一、文脉导引细节理解类 二、主题概括同意转述类 任务型阅读： 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入恰当的单词。 注意：每个空格只填一个单词。 Have you ever wondered why there are so many skin colors in the world? Do you know why people living in particular areas usually have a certain color? Biology and history are the two reasons for this. Skin contains something called melanin, which determines a person’s skin color. The more melanin a person has, the darker his or her skin will be. The amount of and the production of melanin are controlled by genetics, but can be affected by other things, such as sunlight. If a person lives in a place with less sunlight, a person’s body will produce less melanin, making the skin lighter. Skin color is also affected by another source ---- vitamin D. humans all need vitamin D to build bones. People can get it by eating foods such as fish and milk, or from sunlight, so sunlight absorbed by melanin cannot be used for vitamin D production. Therefore, a dark—skinned person will produce less vitamin D than a light—skinned person when they received the same amount of sunlight. The connection between vitamin D production and skin color is clear when we look at evolution. The earliest humans lived in Africa, their dark skin produced less vitamin D because of their dark skin. As a result, their skin made less melanin, so they could get enough sunlight to produce vitamin D. their skin gradually got lighter and they lost hair. Now, people living in areas with strong sunlight like Africa, have darker skin, while people living in other areas have lighter skin. The exception to this is the Inuit, who live in a place with little sunlight, but have dark skin because they eat a lot of fish and have enough vitamin D. Evolution has given us a rainbow of skin colors. Humans have always had melanin to determ