天津市武清区杨村第四中学2013届高考英语一轮复习语法专题六定语从句课件 外研版.pptVIP

专题六 定语从句 定语的概念：用来修饰名词、代词、句子等，在句中的作用相当于形容词，定语从句又称为形容词性从句。 定语的位置： 多个形容词做定语的排列顺序 限定描述大长高，形状年龄与新老； 颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。 1. another three English books 另外三本英语书 2. some beautiful little red flowers 一些美丽的小红花 3. an expensive purple cotton dress 一条昂贵的紫色棉裙 二、关系代词 1）先行词为人时，用who作主或宾，whom作宾语； 2）先行词为物或整个句子时，用which 作主或宾； 3）先行词为人、物时用that ，作主语或宾语； 4）whose用作定语，可指人或物； 关系副词 when（指时间，从句中作时间状语） where（指地点，从句中作地点状语） why（指原因，从句中作原因状语） Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.　 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 四、That与which的区别（先行词必须是物） 1.只用that，不用which的情况： 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时； 当先行词前有the only, the very （正好）, the last, all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时； 当先行词为anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much, none,the one等指物的不定代词时； 当先行词既有人又有物时 当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时 有两个定语从句时，一个宜用which，另一个宜用that 例句： Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? You should hand in all that you have. This is the very bus that I’m waiting for. This train is the last that will go to Suzhou. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? Who is the boy that won the gold medal? 2.只用which，不用that的情况： 引导非限制性定语从句时； 引导词前有介词时； 一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that引导，另一个用which引导； e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time. 补充：(只能用who: 当those指人时并作先行词)； 五、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 固定两种搭配，且不能省略： 介词+which指物 介词+whom指人 根据以下方式判断： 1.谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g. Who’s the trainer with whom you just shook hands? 2.先行词在从句中的成分 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which\when I joined the party. 3.在非限制性定语从句中，名词\代词+of+ which\whom 表示整体与部分的关系 e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries. Have you seen the book, the cover of which is yellow? 当先行词是物时，whose＋n.＝the＋n.＋of which或of which＋the＋n. 如：He lives in the room of wh