2014届最新高考英语一轮单元复习 精品阅读理解提升文章精选一百篇九五.docVIP

2014届最新高考英语一轮单元复习 精品阅读理解提升文章精选一百篇（95） 　Unit 94　　Managerial Stereotypes　　When we travel to a foreign country, we carry in our baggage a preconceived idea in that country. Much of the knowledge we have of different nationalities exists as stereotypes -- conventional and over-simplified pictures without individualities. Stereotypes also exists about occupations or professions. Descriptions about managers from different countries may be something like this:　　American managers have in-dept knowledge of the business they run and baseball, but know little about the rest of the world. They think that everyone who is not American wishes he was. They only lose when the playing is not even. The quarterly dividend is their cardinal goal, and quick fixes are the means to accomplish it.　　British managers became managers by studying literature and history at Oxford and by going through the old boy network. Thy have a broad, but not always thorough knowledge of their companys operations. British managers invariably are polite and they spice their conversations with humorous anecdotes that executives of other nationalities fail to appreciate.　　French managers are Napoleonic and their management style is imperial. Stiff hierarchies discourage informal relations and nurture a sense of them versus us. Its difficult to reach the boss. The flow of information always goes one-way: downward. French managers love to talk, though not always about items on the agenda. Their initial response to proposals is always negative just because they like debate.　　German managers prefer to go by the book. They have years of technical training and high degrees. They are formal and serious. Meetings are conducted with attention to details and they sometimes raise their voice and pound the table to see if they can intimidate the other party into making concessions.　　Italian managers are flexible, and often ignore company rules. They prefer telephone and personal contact to memos and faxes. Manageme