美国情景喜剧的幽默言语行为研究---以《生活大爆炸》为例.pdfVIP

摘 要 幽默，作为一种特殊的语言艺术，渗透到生活的方方面面。作为一种语言现象在 英语文化中有着举足轻重的作用。近年来，美国情景喜剧通过不同方式引入我国，在 我国产生了巨大的影响。本论文试图以正在热播的美国情景喜剧《生活大爆炸》为语 料，以言语分析为理论，对幽默言语行为的产生进行分析，并试图剖析其深层原因。 本论文通过对J. Austin 的言语行为理论和 J. K. Searle 言外行为分类的总结及回 顾，将幽默视为一种以言致笑的言语行为，结合Mey (2003)所提出的考虑到交际者、 语境等多种因素在内的语用行为的层面来讨论。运用并根据谭达人(1997) 的观点，人 的言语活动大约受制于语言律、修辞律、逻辑律和交际律四种规律，幽默言语也不例 外。研究通过对《生活大爆炸》语料的收集统计，重点探讨英语幽默言语行为通过何 种方式和手段实施其致笑的言外之力。 本研究发现《生活大爆炸》中幽默言语行为的成功实施一方面主要依靠幽默行为 的实施者在交际过程中有意地采用特定的语言手段，包括语音、词汇、语义、修辞层 面，违背逻辑规则或交际规则。另一方面也需要幽默的理解者即观众具备一定的文化 背景知识，最终才能理解幽默言语的言外之力。 本研究有利于我们加深对言语幽默的产生的内在机制的认识，同时对英语教学和 跨文化交际提供了有意义的借鉴。 关键词：言语幽默； 言语行为；情景喜剧；生活大爆炸 i Abstract Being a special kind of language arts and a linguistic phenomenon, humor is penetrated into every aspect of life, playing an important role in English culture. In recent years, the U.S. sitcoms have been introduced into China in different ways and have a huge impact on our country. With the corpus of American sitcom The Big Bang Theory, the paper attempts to explore the deep-rooted reasons accounting for this means through analyze the humorous speech from the perspective of speech act theory. Based on J. Austin‟s speech act theory and J.K. Searle‟s contribution to the classification of illocutionary acts, the study regards the humor as a speech act which is eliciting—laughter. Also, it is discussed taking into consideration of the communication, context and other factor which proposed by Mey (2003), including the level of pragmatic behavior. From Tan Daren (1997)‟s point view, the speech is constrained by four kinds of rules: the language rules, the rhetoric rules, logic rules, and communication rules. The humorous speech is no excep