轻型皮卡车转向系及前桥设计.docVIP

轻型皮卡车转向系及前桥设计 摘　要 随着经济的发展，汽车作为一种交通工具，对于人们的生活越来越重要。由于皮卡车的客货两用性，经济、实用，使得它很受人们欢迎。因此，对轻型皮卡车的设计有一定的现实意义。 在这次毕业设计中，我的任务是完成轻型皮卡车的转向系及前桥的设计。以下是本次设计的主要依据与内容。 转向系是汽车的一大组成部分，其主要作用是在驾驶员的操纵下控制汽车行驶方向。转向系主要可分为机械式转向系和动力转向系。转向系的设计主要包括转向系形式的选择，转向器的选择，转向梯形的选择以及布置等。本次设计由于作用在方向盘上的手力不大，且考虑到经济性，采用机械式转向系。转向器采用正效率很高，操纵方便且使用寿命较长的循环球式转向器。虽然，其逆效率也很高，但对于前轴载质量不大的轻型皮卡车而言影响不大。转向梯形采用与双横臂式独立悬架相匹配的断开式转向梯形，且考虑到发动机的位置，将转向梯形前置。 前桥为断开式前桥，利用转向节使车轮偏转一定角度以实现汽车转向。 在这次设计中经验不足，水平有限。希望能正确合理的完成设计，并能使其组成一辆经济实用的轻型皮卡车。 关键词：机械式，转向系，循环球式，转向器，断开式，转向梯形  THE STEERING SYSTEM AND FRONT AXLE DESIGN OF PICK-UP TRUCK ABSTRACT With the development of economic, the automobile as one kind of the transportation is more and more important in peoples life. As a result of Pick-up truck not only can carry passengers but also can carry cargos, economical and practical, causes it received welcome of the people very much. Therefore, The design of Pick-up truck has the certain practical significance. In this graduation design, my duty is the design of Pick-up truck steering system and the front axles. I will introduce this design’s main basis and the content. The steering system is an important portion of the automobile.The primary purpose of the steering system is to give the driver directional control of the automobile .The steering system may be divided into two types： the manual steering system and the power steering system. The steering system design mainly includes the choice of the steering system form、 the steering gear and the steering trapezium as well as the arrangement of them and so on. Because of affecting on the steering wheel’s hand power is not big, also considering the efficiency, this design uses the mechanical type steering system. The steering gear adopts the recirculating ball type , the high efficiency 、the convenient operation also the long life service. Although its reverse efficiency is also high, the influence regarding the front axle load quality is not big. The steering trapezium uses the separation t