电子商务与全球性市场网络和公众政策下的中小企业的未来英文文献翻译.docVIP

英文翻译 管理科学与工程系 Electronic Commerce and the Future for SMEs in a Global Market-Place Networking and Public Policies Author：Patrizia Fariselli, Christine Oughton, Christian Picory and Roger Sugden Small Business Economics, Volume 12: 261–275, Number 3 / 1999年5月 ABSTRACT This paper explores three inter-related issues: globalization; the role of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs); and electronic commerce (e-commerce). A central question is whether e-commerce offers advantages to SMEs that may facilitate their access to global markets and help them overcome the disadvantages they face vis-à-vis large transnational corporations (TNCs)? The paper starts by briefly considering the extent of globalization and its relationship to free trade. We then go on to consider recent developments in e-commerce, focusing on the key issue of e-payment systems. Differences in the requirements of large and smaller firms are identified, and we identify a number of key issues concerning access of smaller firms to e-payment systems and the (virtual) market place, and outline their implications for regulatory policy. Our analysis highlights the importance of network externalities; this leads to a consideration of networking and public policies more broadly. One of the central conclusions of our analysis is that there are important synergies between e-commerce (virtual) networks and (real) production networks. This suggests that policy makers and smaller firms should think in terms of extending existing, and catalyzing new, real production networks to incorporate e-payment systems for networks of firms. Key words: globalization; SMEs; Electronic Commerce 1 Introduction Over the past decade a number of economic trends have emerged that are likely to significantly change the nature of industrial organization as we approach the turn of the century and beyond. Three issues, in particular, that have aroused considerable discussion are: what is the effect of globalization; what is the role