毕业论文--CRT字符控制器设计.doc

CRT字符控制器设计 摘 要 本论文介绍了基于Altera公司的Cyclone II 系列FPGA的CRT字符控制器设计，利用FPGA芯片实现对CRT显示器扫描轨迹控制，采用VGA接口和电阻网络D/A转换进行系统互联，在CRT显示器上能够显示基本的ASCII字符、汉字、图像、图形和16位色彩。同时能够通过指令端口设置显示汉字、图像等大小和对应所在显示器上的位置，该功能包括了对图形、图像的动态显示与控制，完全实现仿点阵液晶的中级显示。 毕设的重心放在了显示控制器的系统层面的设计，采用了自顶向下的思路进行设计，系统的核心为有限状态机。论文中给出了完整的设计思路和过程，并将系统分模块进行了详细的设计，给出了VHDL语言描述。完成了状态机和核心模块以及系统整体的仿真验证。然后在计算机的Quartus II 11.0软件平台上完成设计电路的编辑、编译、仿真，编程下载到特定目标芯片，最终下载到硬件电路板上测试通过。 关键词：FPGA；VHDL；VGA接口；状态机；16位色彩；显示汉字；图形和图像动态显示 Abstract This paper describes the CRT based on Alteras Cyclone II FPGA series character design, CRT monitors scan path control using FPGA chip, d/a conversion system with VGA interface and the resistance network interconnection, on CRT monitors capable of displaying basic ASCII characters, characters, images, graphics, and 16-bit color. While port is set to display Chinese characters, through instruction on display as the image size and position, which includes the dynamic display of graphics, image and control, the full realization of imitation of the intermediate dot-matrix LCD display. Set focus on the display controller for system-level design, using top-down design, the system core for finite state machines. Paper gives the complete set of design and process, detailed design and system modules, described in VHDL language are given. Completed state machine and simulation of the core module and the system as a whole. And then in the Quartus II software platform 11 design was completed on the computer editing, compilation, simulation of a circuit, chip download programming to a specific destination, ultimately downloaded to the hardware circuit board test passed. Key words: FPGA;VHDL;VGA interface;16-bit color;Display Chinese characters;Dynamic display of graphics and images 目 录 摘 要 1 Abstract 2 引言 1 1 FPGA和VGA概述 1 1.1 FPGA的概念 1 1.2 FPGA的发展 2 1.3 FPGA的工作原理 2 1.4 VGA基本概念 3 1.5 VGA显示原理 4 1.5.1 VGA接口定义 4 1.5.2 VGA时序控制 4 2 系统设计 6 2.1 设计思路 6 2.2 系统功能结构设计 6 2.3 系统层次模块划分 7 2.3.1顶层模块 7 2.3.2各部分控制模块 7 2.3.3用户模式底层模块 9 2