图像边缘检测算法学士学位论文.doc

摘 要 在实际图像处理问题中，图像的边缘作为图像的一种基本特征，经常被应用到较高层次的图像应用中去。它在图像识别，图像分割，图像增强以及图像压缩等的领域中有较为广泛的应用，也是它们的基础。 边缘检测是图像处理与分析中最基础的内容之一，也是至今仍没有得到圆满解决的一类问题。图像的边缘包含了图像的位置、轮廓等特征，是图像的基本特征之一，广泛地应用于特征描述、图像分割、图像增强、图像复原、模式识别、图像压缩等图像分析和处理中。因此，图像边缘和轮廓特征的检测与提取方法，一直是图像处理与分析技术中的研究热点，新理论、新方法不断涌现。 本文研究了常用的边缘检测算法，包括传统的Roberts、Sobel、Prewitt、Log、Canny等算法，并通过理论分析和仿真计算比较了他们各自的优缺点及适用性。对Sobel算子检测边缘位不准的问题，提出结合Butterworth高通滤波器和Sobel算子边缘检测的方法，有效的解决这一问题。论文的主要目的是进行图像边缘检测算法性能比较的研究。实验结果表明，本文的算法比较可以为图像处理的后续环节提供一些有益的参考。 关键词：图像处理；边缘检测；Matlab；高通滤波器 Abstract In image processing, as a basic characteristic, the edge of the image, which is widely used in the recognition, segmentation, intensification and compress of the image, is often applied to high-level domain. Edge detection is one of the most fundamentals in image processing and analyzing, which is still unsolved. Image’s edges include image’s features such as position and outline, which belong to the fundamental features. Edge detection is widely used in image analysis and processing such as feature description, image segmentation, image enhancement, pattern recognition and image compression etc, so Edge Detection and extract of outline figure are the research hotspot in the technology of image processing and analysis all, on which the new theory and methods are put forward constantly. Some edge detection algorithms are researched, including Roberts, Sobel, Prewitt, LoG, Canny, Kirsch etc. The classic edge detection methods have some drawbacks in image denoising.Theory ananlysis and experiments are carried out to compare their advantages and disadvantages. for misaligned problems of the Sobel operator edge detection, propose combining Butterworth high-pass filter and Sobel operator edge detection method, an effective solution to this problem. The main aim of the paper is studying Performance Evaluation in edge detection algorithms, and the detection results are compared. The experiments results show that the algorithms can be a useful reference of latter parts o