梵净山及邻近地区鱼类资源的现状.pdfVIP

生物多样性 2006, 14 (1): 55-64 doi: 10.1360/biodiv.050057 Biodiversity Science http : // 梵净山及邻近地区鱼类资源的现状 * 代应贵 李 敏 (贵州大学动物科学学院, 贵州大学特种水产研究所, 贵阳 550025) 摘要: 为了了解梵净山及邻近地区鱼类资源的现状及变化趋势, 2001–2003年对这一地区乌江水系和沅江水系鱼 类进行了系统的调查。本调查设立了19个调查点, 共采集鱼类标本3614号, 经鉴定为85种(亚种), 分属5 目14科61 属。除胡子鲇( Clarias fuscus) 为外来种外, 其他均为土著鱼类。海南拟餐 (Pseudohemiculter Hainanensis) 、 峨眉后平鳅(Metahomaloptera omeiensis omeiensis)和福建纹胸鱼兆(Glyptothorax fukiensis fukiensis)为本地区土著鱼 类新记录种。鱼类组成以鲤形目鲤科为主体, 并以适应急流生活的鱼类占多数, 小型野杂鱼类所占比例较高。乌 江水系和沅江水系鱼类物种组成存在差异, 分别属于长江上游鱼类区系成分和长江中下游区系成分。结果还表明 这一地区土著鱼类物种数呈下降趋势, 其中鲤形目鱼类物种数减少较多。导致该地区土著鱼类物种数下降的原因 是酷渔滥捕和水域生境的破坏。 关键词: 土著鱼类, 出现频率, 常见种, 偶见种 Fish resources around Fanjing Mountain, Guizhou Yinggui Dai*, Min Li College of Animal Sciences , Institute of Special Aquaculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025 Abstract: Fanjin g Mountain is situated in Guizhou Province, southwestern China. Having the best preserved ecological system in the region, it has been designated as a national nature reserve. From 200 1 to 2003, to explore the status and dynamics of the species diversity of fishes, we conducted three surveys in both the Wuj iang River and the Yuanjiang River systems in the area around Fanj ing Mountains. A total of 3,614 specimen were collected from 19 sites, belonging to 85 species/subspecies, 61 genera, 14 families, and 5 or- ders. Of these, Clarias fuscus is an introduced species while the others are indigenous. Pseudohem