环境生态学Chapter 1.pptVIP

Ren JunSchool of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTao LingSchool of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou, Gansu Province, People’s Republic of China Preface The critical importance of environmental ecology and its studies cannot be disputed as we enter the twenty-first century Preface The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development was held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992 Preface Environmental ecology includes the study of the relationships between abiotic, biotic and human, the ecological effects of pollution,disturbance, and other stressors. Chapter 1 Introduction to Ecology, Environmental Science and Environmental Ecology 1.1 What is Ecology?1.1.1 Conception and scope of ecology Ecology is the ideal science for the naturally curious The term ecology comes from the Greek oikos meaning house“ or our environment Ecologists always ask Why? Ecology: study of relationships between organisms and the environment. Importance of understanding the relationships between organisms and the environment. Ecologist study these relationships between organisms and environment over a large range of temporal and spatial scales using a wide variety of approaches. 1.1.2 Scientific method of ecology The ecology of forest birds: Using field studies to test theory or find law and relationships 1.1.3 Relationship between ecology and environmentalism Ecology is a science; environmentalism is a concern In 1798, the English scientist Thomas Malthus expressed doubts about the ability of agriculture to feed a rapidly growing human population 1.1.3 Relationship between ecology and environmentalism In 1962, Rachel Carson published Silent Spring, a book that described the dangers of pesticides and the consequences of chemical pollution to our environment The greatest value of the environmental movement is that it has increasi