群体规模对遗传力估计可靠性的影响研究.docVIP

群体规模对遗传力估计可靠性的影响研究 何应心 （云南农业大学动物科学技术学院，昆明 650201） 摘 要：在采用计算机模拟方法产生数据资料的基础上，对目标数量性状的遗传力进行了计算，并对估计遗传力进行显著性检验，据此比较不同群体规模下性状遗传力估计的可靠性，以探讨用于性状遗传力估计的适宜群体规模。结果表明，适当扩大群体规模可提高遗传力估计的正确性和可靠性，但需考虑家系数及家系含量；家系规模固定，增加家系数，遗传力估计的正确性和可靠性均可得到提高；家系数固定，随家系规模增大，估计遗传力的显著性检验统计量增大；在一定群体规模下，高家系规模、低家系数所得遗传力估计的可靠性较低。实际中应保证育种群具有一定的群体规模和家系规模，并充分考虑环境、选种方法等因素的影响。 关键词：群体规模；计算机模拟；遗传力估计 Research on the Effect of Population Size on the Reliability of Heritability Estimation He Yingxin (College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201) ABSTRACT：On the basis of data generated by computer simulation, the heritability of target quantitative trait was estimated, and significant tests on the estimated heritability were carried. Then the reliabilities of estimated trait heritability under different population sizes were compared, to explore the appropriate population size for heritability estimation. The results showed that it would gain higher accuracy and reliability of estimated heritability when population in appropriate larger size. At the same time, family number and family size should be considered. With the certain family size, the estimated heritability would be more accurate and reliable when family number increased. When the family number was fixed, increasing the family size could lift the value of significance test statistic for the estimated heritability. In a certain population size, the reliability of the result would be lower with large family size and small family number. We should ensure that the breeding groups have certain population size and family size in the practice, and give full consideration to the environment, selection methods and other factors. Key words: Population size; Computer simulation; Heritability estimation 群体规模对遗传力估计可靠性的影响研究 1 引 言 在畜禽育种工作中，提高遗传力估计的可靠性一直是育种工作者追求的目标。遗传力表示数量性状的加性遗传方差占表型方差的比率，是育种工作中最为基本的参数之一。它不仅可用于估计可能产生的选择效应，还能预测动物表现型或生产性能水平的高低，是制订选种方案的重要依据。因此，有必要对影响遗传力估计可靠性的因素作深入探讨。 有关遗传力的估计可靠性及影响它的主要因素，国内外都进行了不少的研究。遗传力的大小及其稳定性